tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Sci Total Environ
. 2023 Apr 21;163617.
doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163617. Online ahead of print.
First report on the toxicity of Sars-Cov-2, alone and in combination with polyethylene microplastics in neotropical fish
Raíssa de Oliveira Ferreira[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Abraão Tiago Batista Guimarães[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Thiarlen Marinho da Luz[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Aline Sueli de Lima Rodrigues[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Abu Reza Md Towfiqul Islam[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Md Mostafizur Rahman[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Chinnasamy Ragavendran[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Chinnaperumal Kamaraj[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Ives Charlie-Silva[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Edison Luiz Durigon[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Helyson Lucas Bezerra Braz[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Andrés Hugo Arias[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Omar Cruz Santiago[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Damià Barceló[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Guilherme Malafaia[SUP] 14 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused unprecedented negative impacts in the modern era, including economic, social, and public health losses. On the other hand, the potential effects that the input of SARS-CoV-2 in the aquatic environment from sewage may represent on non-target organisms are not well known. In addition, it is not yet known whether the association of SARS-CoV-2 with other pollutants, such as microplastics (MPs), may further impact the aquatic biota. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the possible ecotoxicological effects of exposure of male adults Poecilia reticulata, for 15 days, to inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (0.742 pg/L; isolated SARS.CoV2/SP02.2020.HIAE.Br) and polyethylene MP (PE MPs) (7.1 × 10[SUP]4[/SUP] particles/L), alone and in combination, from multiple biomarkers. Our data suggest that exposure to SARS-CoV-2 induced behavioral changes (in the open field test), nephrotoxic effect (inferred by the increase in creatinine), hepatotoxic effect (inferred by the increase in bilirubin production), imbalance in the homeostasis of Fe, Ca, and Mg, as well as an anticholinesterase effect in the animals [marked by the reduction of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activity]. On the other hand, exposure to PE MPs induced a genotoxic effect (assessed by the comet assay), as well as an increase in enzyme activity alpha-amylase, alkaline phosphatase, and carboxylesterases. However, we did not show synergistic, antagonistic, or additive effects caused by the combined exposure of P. reticulata to SARS-CoV-2 and PE MPs. Principal component analysis (PCA) and values from the "Integrated Biomarker Response" index indicate that exposure to SARS-CoV-2 was determinant for a more prominent effect in the evaluated animals. Therefore, our study sheds light on the ecotoxicity of the new coronavirus in non-target organisms and ratifies the need for more attention to the impacts of COVID-19 on aquatic biota.
Keywords: Aquatic pollution; Ecotoxicology; New coronavirus; Non-target organisms; Plastic particles.
. 2023 Apr 21;163617.
doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163617. Online ahead of print.
First report on the toxicity of Sars-Cov-2, alone and in combination with polyethylene microplastics in neotropical fish
Raíssa de Oliveira Ferreira[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Abraão Tiago Batista Guimarães[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Thiarlen Marinho da Luz[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Aline Sueli de Lima Rodrigues[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Abu Reza Md Towfiqul Islam[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Md Mostafizur Rahman[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Chinnasamy Ragavendran[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Chinnaperumal Kamaraj[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Ives Charlie-Silva[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Edison Luiz Durigon[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Helyson Lucas Bezerra Braz[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Andrés Hugo Arias[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Omar Cruz Santiago[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Damià Barceló[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Guilherme Malafaia[SUP] 14 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 37088384
- DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163617
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused unprecedented negative impacts in the modern era, including economic, social, and public health losses. On the other hand, the potential effects that the input of SARS-CoV-2 in the aquatic environment from sewage may represent on non-target organisms are not well known. In addition, it is not yet known whether the association of SARS-CoV-2 with other pollutants, such as microplastics (MPs), may further impact the aquatic biota. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the possible ecotoxicological effects of exposure of male adults Poecilia reticulata, for 15 days, to inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (0.742 pg/L; isolated SARS.CoV2/SP02.2020.HIAE.Br) and polyethylene MP (PE MPs) (7.1 × 10[SUP]4[/SUP] particles/L), alone and in combination, from multiple biomarkers. Our data suggest that exposure to SARS-CoV-2 induced behavioral changes (in the open field test), nephrotoxic effect (inferred by the increase in creatinine), hepatotoxic effect (inferred by the increase in bilirubin production), imbalance in the homeostasis of Fe, Ca, and Mg, as well as an anticholinesterase effect in the animals [marked by the reduction of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activity]. On the other hand, exposure to PE MPs induced a genotoxic effect (assessed by the comet assay), as well as an increase in enzyme activity alpha-amylase, alkaline phosphatase, and carboxylesterases. However, we did not show synergistic, antagonistic, or additive effects caused by the combined exposure of P. reticulata to SARS-CoV-2 and PE MPs. Principal component analysis (PCA) and values from the "Integrated Biomarker Response" index indicate that exposure to SARS-CoV-2 was determinant for a more prominent effect in the evaluated animals. Therefore, our study sheds light on the ecotoxicity of the new coronavirus in non-target organisms and ratifies the need for more attention to the impacts of COVID-19 on aquatic biota.
Keywords: Aquatic pollution; Ecotoxicology; New coronavirus; Non-target organisms; Plastic particles.