tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Sci Rep
. 2025 Jul 18;15(1):26041.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-07739-3. Longitudinal analysis of humoral and cellular immunity in SARS-CoV-2 exposed families
Alex Dulovic[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 [/SUP], Armin Rabsteyn[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 2 3 4 [/SUP], Jonathan Remppis[SUP] 4 5 [/SUP], Irene K E Gentzcke[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Julia Mueller[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Nadja Tuecks[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Matthias Becker[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Daniel Junker[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Philipp D Kaiser[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Bjoern Traenkle[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ulrich Rothbauer[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Juliane S Walz[SUP] 2 3 7 8 [/SUP], Andreas Peter[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Sebastian Hörber[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Tina Ganzenmueller[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Thomas Iftner[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Maximilian Stich[SUP] 11 12 13 14 [/SUP], Burkhard Tönshoff[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Philipp Henneke[SUP] 15 16 [/SUP], Roland Elling[SUP] 15 16 [/SUP], Klaus-Michael Debatin[SUP] 17 [/SUP], Ales Janda[SUP] 17 [/SUP], Nicole Schneiderhan-Marra[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Axel R Franz[SUP] 18 19 [/SUP], Peter Lang[SUP] 2 4 [/SUP], Hanna Renk[SUP] 20 21 22 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Identification of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection typically relies on serology, yet T-cells play a key role in the adaptive immune response against SARS-CoV-2. Here, we investigated in parallel the SARS-CoV-2-specific as well as endemic human coronavirus-specific humoral and cross-reactive cellular responses in children and adults. We analyzed clinical data and blood samples from a family cohort of 96 children and 144 adults at 3-4 and 11-12 months after their first contact with SARS-CoV-2. Humoral response was assessed by a multiplex immunoassay with high sensitivity and specificity (MULTICOV-AB). Cellular responses were analyzed by IFN-γ ELISPOT using four different established epitope compositions (ECs) to discriminate between SARS-CoV-2 specific and HCoV cross-reactive T-cell responses. While the majority of adults had a combined serological and T-cell response, relatively more children had a T-cell response alone rather than a combined response. The magnitude of the T-cell response correlated with symptoms and the humoral response. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 infection significantly boosted the endemic coronavirus-specific cellular response. Overall, our data suggest discordant humoral and cellular responses, reflecting either abortive infection, cellular sensitization with rapid viral clearance or rapid antibody waning or a combination of these phenomena. Restricting epidemiologic analysis to SARS-CoV-2 serological data may underestimate rates of infection with or at least exposure to SARS-CoV-2 in children.
. 2025 Jul 18;15(1):26041.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-07739-3. Longitudinal analysis of humoral and cellular immunity in SARS-CoV-2 exposed families
Alex Dulovic[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 [/SUP], Armin Rabsteyn[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 2 3 4 [/SUP], Jonathan Remppis[SUP] 4 5 [/SUP], Irene K E Gentzcke[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Julia Mueller[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Nadja Tuecks[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Matthias Becker[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Daniel Junker[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Philipp D Kaiser[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Bjoern Traenkle[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ulrich Rothbauer[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Juliane S Walz[SUP] 2 3 7 8 [/SUP], Andreas Peter[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Sebastian Hörber[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Tina Ganzenmueller[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Thomas Iftner[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Maximilian Stich[SUP] 11 12 13 14 [/SUP], Burkhard Tönshoff[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Philipp Henneke[SUP] 15 16 [/SUP], Roland Elling[SUP] 15 16 [/SUP], Klaus-Michael Debatin[SUP] 17 [/SUP], Ales Janda[SUP] 17 [/SUP], Nicole Schneiderhan-Marra[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Axel R Franz[SUP] 18 19 [/SUP], Peter Lang[SUP] 2 4 [/SUP], Hanna Renk[SUP] 20 21 22 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 40681584
- PMCID: PMC12274566
- DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-07739-3
Identification of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection typically relies on serology, yet T-cells play a key role in the adaptive immune response against SARS-CoV-2. Here, we investigated in parallel the SARS-CoV-2-specific as well as endemic human coronavirus-specific humoral and cross-reactive cellular responses in children and adults. We analyzed clinical data and blood samples from a family cohort of 96 children and 144 adults at 3-4 and 11-12 months after their first contact with SARS-CoV-2. Humoral response was assessed by a multiplex immunoassay with high sensitivity and specificity (MULTICOV-AB). Cellular responses were analyzed by IFN-γ ELISPOT using four different established epitope compositions (ECs) to discriminate between SARS-CoV-2 specific and HCoV cross-reactive T-cell responses. While the majority of adults had a combined serological and T-cell response, relatively more children had a T-cell response alone rather than a combined response. The magnitude of the T-cell response correlated with symptoms and the humoral response. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 infection significantly boosted the endemic coronavirus-specific cellular response. Overall, our data suggest discordant humoral and cellular responses, reflecting either abortive infection, cellular sensitization with rapid viral clearance or rapid antibody waning or a combination of these phenomena. Restricting epidemiologic analysis to SARS-CoV-2 serological data may underestimate rates of infection with or at least exposure to SARS-CoV-2 in children.