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Rare Visitors Spotted in Alaska Waters

AlaskaDenise

In Memoriam
A federal agency that regulates offshore oil drilling says Alaska's northern coast had unusual visitors this summer -- endangered humpback whales. Humpback whales off Alaska generally are not seen north of the Bering Strait, the upper limit of the North Pacific Ocean.

But observers connected to oil exploration activity spotted humpbacks east of Barrow in the Beaufort Sea. Robin Cacy of the federal Minerals Management Service says humpback whales were seen in the Chukchi Sea off Alaska's northwest coast last year. She also says endangered fin whales were detected this summer by acoustic monitoring north of the Bering Strait in the Chukchi Sea.

Environmental groups say the presence of humpbacks hundreds of
miles north of their usual habitat likely is another sign of the effects of global warming and the shifting Arctic ecosystem
. They are calling for more study of the endangered animals' habits before industrial activity is allowed to expand off Alaska's northern shores. The Mineral Management Service says there will be no immediate reaction to the sightings.

Spokesman Gary Strasburg says a sighting of an endangered
species in a new area would NOT mean an immediate change in how the agency regulates petroleum exploration. He says the agency would determine whether the presence of humpbacks was a trend, and if so, determine the appropriate response.

http://www.aksuperstation.com/news/local/11068711.html
 
Re: Rare Visitors Spotted in Alaska Waters

We've read about how the redistribution of mosquitos can change global disease patterns. Not are migratory birds changing their regions due to climate change, but now the largest mammalian reservoir of AI is also "relocating." How might the relocation of larger species impact diease?

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Re: Rare Visitors Spotted in Alaska Waters

Humpback whales (= ?!?) largest mammalian reservoir of AI is also "relocating." :confused:
 
Re: Rare Visitors Spotted in Alaska Waters

Whales and seals can also carry avian influenza.

H13N2 and H13N9 subtypes were isolated from the lung and hilar node of a pilot whale...
above from: (http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?&pubmedid=3701925)

see also: BEACHED WHALES HAD FLU INFECTION
http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=health&res=9A0DE2D61039F936A15751C1A960948260&n=Top/News/Science/Topics/Fish%20and%20Other%20Marine%20Life

see also: Influenza virus infections in mammals
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=16573202&dopt=AbstractPlus
Vahlenkamp TW, Harder TC.
Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Tiergesundheit, Institut für Molekularbiologie, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany. thomas.vahlenkamp@fli.bund.de

The natural reservoir of all known subtypes of influenza A viruses are aquatic birds, mainly of the orders Anseriformes and Charadriiformes in which the infection is asymptomatic and the viruses stay at an evolutionary equilibrium.

However, mammals may occasionally contract influenza A virus infections from this pool. This article summarizes: (i) natural infections in mammals including pigs, horses, marine mammals, ferrets, minks; (ii) results from experimental infections in several animal models including mice, ferrets, primates, rats, minks, hamsters and (iii) evidence for the increased pathogenicity of the current influenza A H5N1/Asia viruses for mammals.

Several reports have shown that a number of mammalian species, including pigs, cats, ferrets, minks, whales, seals and finally also man are susceptible to natural infection with influenza A viruses of purely avian genetic make up. Among the mammalian species naturally susceptible to avian influenza virus the pig and the cat might exert the greatest potential public health impact. Despite numerous studies in animal and cell culture models, the basis of the extended host spectrum and the unusual pathogenicity of the influenza A H5N1 viruses for mammals is only beginning to be unraveled. Recently, also the transmission of equine influenza A virus to greyhound racing dogs has been documented.

PMID: 16573202 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
 
Re: Rare Visitors Spotted in Alaska Waters

Influenza (incl. antibodies) has been isolated from pilot whale, minke whale, beluga whale, harbour seal, & ringed seal.
source: http://wildlife1.usask.ca/Publications/Marine_Parasites/CCWHC Mar Mam pub 85_93.pdf

Also in caspian seals, baikal seals, & Dall's porpoises.
source: http://sciencelinks.jp/j-east/article/200621/000020062106A0715073.php
article below:

Infection with influenza virus in marine mammals

<TABLE><TBODY><TR><TD class=number>Accession number;06A0715073</TD></TR><TR><TD class=title>Title;Infection with influenza virus in marine mammals</TD></TR><TR><TD class=author>Author;OISHI KAZUE(Gouyoukenkyuukaihatsukikou Kyokugenkankyouseibutsukenkenkyu) </TD></TR><TR><TD class=source>Journal Title;Aquabiology

</TD></TR><TR><TD class=source>Journal Code:S0220B

</TD></TR><TR><TD class=source>ISSN:0285-4376

</TD></TR><TR><TD class=source>VOL.28;NO.4;PAGE.420-431(2006) </TD></TR><TR><TD class=figure>Figure&Table&Reference;FIG.7, TBL.5, REF.46</TD></TR><TR><TD class=country>Pub. Country;Japan</TD></TR><TR><TD class=language>Language;Japanese</TD></TR><TR><TD class=abstract>Abstract;Influenza A virus infects various birds and mammals including marine mammals. The isolated viruses from seals and whales have been shown to originate from birds. Interspecies transmission of influenza plays an important role in its evolution and ecology. In this paper, I review the studies on the virus infection in marine mammals so far, and introduce our recent seroepidemiological studies in pinippeds and cetaceans. High prevalence of antibodies to influenza A virus was detected in three species of seals inhabiting Russia, Caspian seals (Phoca caspica), Baikal seals (Phoca sibirica), and ringed seals seals (Phoca hispida). These serum antibodies strongly reacted with humans H3 viruses, which were prevalent in the past. These results suggest that seals might maintain the viruses in a conservative manner, and play a role of "mixing vessel" to generate genetic reassortants between viruses originated from birds and humans. Antibodies against influenza A virus in cetaceans were also examined using total 398 cetacean serum samples in the North Pacific and Antarctic Oceans. Low prevalence of antibodies was observed only from common minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) and from Dall's porpoises (Phocoenoides dalli). The present serological results suggest that sporadic influenza A virus infection may have occurred in these whales in the western North Pacific. Surveillance of influenza virus in wildlife including marine mammals is important for understanding of the viral ecology and for protection against pandemic influenza. (author abst.)</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>


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Re: Rare Visitors Spotted in Alaska Waters

Thank you Denise.

BEACHED WHALES HAD FLU INFECTION
If such an water mammalian can be beached by the flu, than maybe we are realy on the brink to be the next beached mammalians.
 
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