Re: Pakistan: Polio-like illness crippling children in Tharparkar
Lots of non-polio enteroviruses can cause AFP. Similar problem in poor parts of India
Characterization of non-polio enterovirus isolates from acute flaccid paralysis children in Pakistan reflects a new genotype of EV-107.
Shahzad Shaukat, Mehar Angez Muhammad Masroor Alam Salmaan Sharif Adnan Khurshid Tariq Mahmood Syed Sohail Zahoor Zaidi
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Department of Virology, National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan; Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Electronic address: .
Virus Research (Impact Factor: 2.75). 10/2012; DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2012.09.010
Source: PubMed
ABSTRACT Enteroviruses comprise a group of genetically diverse RNA viruses that usually cause respiratory illnesses, myocarditis, enteritis, meningitis, encephalitis and poliomyelitis. In this study, 23 non-polio enteroviruses, isolated during September-October 2009 from stool specimens of children suffering from acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) were subjected to serotype determination by using RIVM antiserum pools. Twenty-two isolates were identified as members of human enterovirus B (HEV-B) species except one that remained untypeable. Phylogenetic analysis of the untypeable isolate (PAKNIH-2009/23) based on the sequence of 5'UTR, capsid and 2A regions confirmed that this isolate is closely related to TN94-0349 strain of EV-107 serotype with 70.4% nucleotide similarity in VP1/2A junction, 79.4% in the capsid coding region and 89.1% in 5'UTR region respectively. Our data strongly suggests that PAKNIH-2009/23 is a genetically distinct strain of EV-107 currently circulating in Pakistan. This study also highlights the probable role of non-polio viral etiologies associated with AFP and needs to plan new strategies especially during the post polio eradication era
http://www.researchgate.net/publica...in_Pakistan_reflects_a_new_genotype_of_EV-107
Epidemiology and clinical findings associated with enteroviral acute flaccid paralysis in Pakistan
Mohsan Saeed, Sohail Z Zaidi, Asif Naeem, Muhammad Masroor, Salmaan Sharif, Shahzad Shaukat, Mehar Angez, Anis Khan
BMC Infectious Diseases (Impact Factor: 3.03). 02/2007; DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-7-6
http://www.researchgate.net/publica...teroviral_acute_flaccid_paralysis_in_Pakistan
Characterization of a Novel Enterovirus Serotype and an Enterovirus EV-B93 Isolated from Acute Flaccid Paralysis Patients
Shahzad Shaukat,
Mehar Angez,
Muhammad Masroor Alam,
Salmaan Sharif,
Adnan Khurshid,
Tariq Mahmood,
Syed Sohail Zahoor Zaidi mail
Published: November 07, 2013DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080040
Abstract
Non-polio enteroviruses (NPEVs) are among the most common viruses infecting humans worldwide. Most of these infections are asymptomatic but few can lead to systemic and neurological disorders like Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP). Acute Flaccid Paralysis is a clinical syndrome and NPEVs have been isolated frequently from the patients suffering from AFP but little is known about their causal relationship. The objective of this study was to identify and characterize the NPEV serotypes recovered from 184 stool samples collected from AFP patients in Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) in north-west of Pakistan. Overall, 44 (95.6 %) isolates were successfully typed through microneutralization assay as a member of enterovirus B species including echovirus (E)-2, E-3, E-4, E-6, E-7, E-11, E-13, E-14, E-21 and E-29 while two isolates (PAK NIH SP6545B and PAK NIH SP1202B) remained untypeable. The VP1 and capsid regions analysis characterized these viruses as EV-B93 and EV-B106. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that PAK NIH isolates had high genetic diversity and represent distinct genotypes circulating in the country. Our findings highlight the role of NPEVs in AFP cases to be thoroughly investigated especially in high disease risk areas, with limited surveillance activities and health resources.
http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0080040
