tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Open Forum Infect Dis
. 2022 Jan 10;9(3)
fac003.
doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofac003. eCollection 2022 Mar.
Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease Is Highly Prevalent in the Postacute COVID Syndrome
Jovana Milic[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sara Barbieri[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Licia Gozzi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Alberto Brigo[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Bianca Beghé[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Alessia Verduri[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Erica Bacca[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Vittorio Iadisernia[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Gianluca Cuomo[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Giovanni Dolci[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Dina Yaacoub[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Emanuele Aprile[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Michela Belli[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Maria Venuta[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Marianna Meschiari[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Giada Sebastiani[SUP] 5 6 [/SUP], Enrico Clini[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Cristina Mussini[SUP] 1 3 [/SUP], Amedeo Lonardo[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Giovanni Guaraldi[SUP] 1 4 [/SUP], Paolo Raggi[SUP] 8 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Background: A proposal has recently been advanced to change the traditional definition of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease to metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), to reflect the cluster of metabolic abnormalities that may be more closely associated with cardiovascular risk. Long coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a smoldering inflammatory condition, characterized by several symptom clusters. This study aims to determine the prevalence of MAFLD in patients with postacute COVID syndrome (PACS) and its association with other PACS-cluster phenotypes.
Methods: We included 235 patients observed at a single university outpatient clinic. The diagnosis of PACS was based on ≥1 cluster of symptoms: respiratory, neurocognitive, musculoskeletal, psychological, sensory, and dermatological. The outcome was prevalence of MAFLD detected by transient elastography during the first postdischarge follow-up outpatient visit. The prevalence of MAFLD at the time of hospital admission was calculated retrospectively using the hepatic steatosis index.
Results: Of 235 patients, 162 (69%) were men (median age 61). The prevalence of MAFLD was 55.3% at follow-up and 37.3% on admission (P < .001). Insulin resistance (odds ratio [OR] = 1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14-1.96), body mass index (OR = 1.14; 95% CI, 1.04-1.24), and the metabolic syndrome (OR = 2.54; 95% CI, 1.13-5.68) were independent predictors of MAFLD. The number of PACS clusters was inversely associated with MAFLD (OR = 0.86; 95% CI, .76-0.97). Thirty-one patients (13.2%) had MAFLD with no other associated PACS clusters. All correlations between MAFLD and other PACS clusters were weak.
Conclusions: Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease was highly prevalent after hospital discharge and may represent a specific PACS-cluster phenotype, with potential long-term metabolic and cardiovascular health implications.
Keywords: 19; COVID; metabolic-associated fatty liver disease.
. 2022 Jan 10;9(3)
fac003.doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofac003. eCollection 2022 Mar.
Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease Is Highly Prevalent in the Postacute COVID Syndrome
Jovana Milic[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sara Barbieri[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Licia Gozzi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Alberto Brigo[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Bianca Beghé[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Alessia Verduri[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Erica Bacca[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Vittorio Iadisernia[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Gianluca Cuomo[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Giovanni Dolci[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Dina Yaacoub[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Emanuele Aprile[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Michela Belli[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Maria Venuta[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Marianna Meschiari[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Giada Sebastiani[SUP] 5 6 [/SUP], Enrico Clini[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Cristina Mussini[SUP] 1 3 [/SUP], Amedeo Lonardo[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Giovanni Guaraldi[SUP] 1 4 [/SUP], Paolo Raggi[SUP] 8 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35146047
- PMCID: PMC8826155
- DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac003
Abstract
Background: A proposal has recently been advanced to change the traditional definition of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease to metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), to reflect the cluster of metabolic abnormalities that may be more closely associated with cardiovascular risk. Long coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a smoldering inflammatory condition, characterized by several symptom clusters. This study aims to determine the prevalence of MAFLD in patients with postacute COVID syndrome (PACS) and its association with other PACS-cluster phenotypes.
Methods: We included 235 patients observed at a single university outpatient clinic. The diagnosis of PACS was based on ≥1 cluster of symptoms: respiratory, neurocognitive, musculoskeletal, psychological, sensory, and dermatological. The outcome was prevalence of MAFLD detected by transient elastography during the first postdischarge follow-up outpatient visit. The prevalence of MAFLD at the time of hospital admission was calculated retrospectively using the hepatic steatosis index.
Results: Of 235 patients, 162 (69%) were men (median age 61). The prevalence of MAFLD was 55.3% at follow-up and 37.3% on admission (P < .001). Insulin resistance (odds ratio [OR] = 1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14-1.96), body mass index (OR = 1.14; 95% CI, 1.04-1.24), and the metabolic syndrome (OR = 2.54; 95% CI, 1.13-5.68) were independent predictors of MAFLD. The number of PACS clusters was inversely associated with MAFLD (OR = 0.86; 95% CI, .76-0.97). Thirty-one patients (13.2%) had MAFLD with no other associated PACS clusters. All correlations between MAFLD and other PACS clusters were weak.
Conclusions: Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease was highly prevalent after hospital discharge and may represent a specific PACS-cluster phenotype, with potential long-term metabolic and cardiovascular health implications.
Keywords: 19; COVID; metabolic-associated fatty liver disease.