tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
- Thomas P. Fabrizio,
- Ahmed Kandeil,
- Walter N. Harrington,
- Jeremy C. Jones,
- Trushar Jeevan,
- Konstantin Andreev,
- Patrick Seiler,
- Jonathan Fogo,
- Morgan L. Davis,
- Jeri Carol Crumpton,
- John Franks,
- Jennifer DeBeauchamp,
- Peter Vogel,
- C. Scanlon Daniels,
- Rebecca L. Poulson,
- Andrew S. Bowman,
- Elena A. Govorkova &
- Richard J. Webby
Abstract
In March 2024, clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses were first detected in U.S. dairy cattle. Similar viruses have since caused 70 zoonotic human infections. To assess changes to zoonotic potential, we characterized A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b viruses isolated from cows’ milk and birds. Bovine-derived viruses are lethal in mice and ferrets and transmit to direct but not airborne contact ferrets. All viruses replicate in human bronchial epithelial cells despite preferentially binding avian virus-like receptors. The bovine-derived viruses remain susceptible to FDA-approved antivirals, and they are inhibited by sera from ferrets vaccinated with WHO-recommended candidate vaccine viruses (CVV) or human sera from clade 2.3.4.4c vaccinees. While 2.3.4.4b viruses induce severe disease in mammalian models, they retain many avian virus-like characteristics. Combined, we conclude that the risk of contemporary bovine-derived viruses to humans not in contact with affected animals is low. However, heightened vigilance remains essential to promptly detect and respond to any changes.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-61757-3?fbclid=IwY2xjawLtcW5leHRuA2FlbQIxMQABHnZrJm6I1Nk yu-zrAjmXLMOVudrb6zNloHZ7ybc4vSVOl_grDA7dB6co3XTL_aem _S5e54s1imPuNim9rrRGrPw
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