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Mayotte - Cholera outbreak 2024 - now over

Translation Google
Cholera in Mayotte. Update as of May 22, 2024.

Published on May 24, 2024
Updated on May 24, 2024


Key points
  • Between 05/16 and 05/22/2024, 21 cases of cholera were reported in Mayotte, bringing to 105 the total number of cases recorded in the department since 03/18/2024 (101 confirmed and 4 probable cases). ) ;
  • Of these, 87 were acquired locally and 18 imported from the Comoros or countries on the African continent;
  • Three outbreaks are active in the department: Koungou (64 cases), Mtsangamouji (14 cases), Passamainty (5 cases);
  • 10 serious cases requiring intensive care and 1 death were recorded.

PDF 0.79 MB


https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/.../2024/cholera-a-mayotte.-point-au-22-mai-2024
 
Translation Google

Mayotte: a sixty-year-old dies of cholera, second death linked to the disease in the archipelago

In May, a three-year-old child had already died from this disease, which has affected at least a hundred people in recent months in the Indian Ocean archipelago.

By Le Parisien with AFP
May 26 , 2024 at 1:23 p.m.

Cholera has claimed a new victim in Mayotte. A 62-year-old woman died on Saturday in Mamoudzou, bringing to two the number of deaths linked to this disease in Mayotte , the Regional Health Agency (ARS) announced on Sunday. The woman died “at her home on the heights of the Cavani district, in Mamoudzou,” said the ARS in a press release.

“In accordance with the cholera control protocol, the intervention teams went to the site to disinfect the home and take care of those close to the deceased,” she adds. “Vaccination operations for contact cases are being carried out from” this Sunday.

This is the second death linked to this epidemic in Mayotte, the poorest of the French departments, located in the Indian Ocean. On May 8, a three-year-old child died of cholera , which has affected several dozen people in recent months in Mayotte.
...
https://www.leparisien.fr/societe/s...pel-26-05-2024-OY2O7WRZQJHDZPMATOHVTW6RUI.php


See also;

2024 05 26 - CP - Un deuxième décès lié au choléra à Mayotte

---------------------------------------------------

ARS Mayotte@arsdemayotte
[CHOLERA NEWSLETTER] Find today's cholera newsletter below. For more information: https:// mayotte.ars.sante.fr/bulletin-dinfo rmation-cholera

image.png - Click image for larger version  Name:	image.png Views:	1 Size:	308.9 KB ID:	991165


8:50 AM · May 27, 2024​​

 
Mayotte: the hospital “on the verge of collapse”

“Recently, we were informed of a cardiac arrest. No doctor was available, we were unable to intervene,” laments a nurse from the Mayotte Hospital Center (CHM). The establishment is in a "catastrophic" situation due to lack of sufficient staff, and even "on the verge of collapse", warns a doctor.

Information from AFP
Published on 05/30/2024 at 09:12


Testimonies like that of Pierre (not his real name), the CHM nurse, are multiplying in the Indian Ocean archipelago, the poorest department in France, whose population is estimated by INSEE at around 320,000 inhabitants.

The caregiver recounts the call made regarding a man in cardiac arrest. Failing to be able to mobilize a hospital team, "it was the firefighters who went there. They 'shocked' him four times. I think we could have saved him. But the gentleman died," laments the nurse .

The emergency department operates in particular with 5 doctors for 37 hospital emergency room positions.

Consequence: “deaths” which “could be avoided”, assures a doctor denouncing, on condition of anonymity, “delays in care at all levels”.

The cholera epidemic which has been raging in the territory since the end of March, with 122 cases recorded, has further strained the situation. On May 25, the disease claimed a second victim in Mayotte, a 62-year-old woman living in Mamoudzou, the Mahorese “capital”. This death, again, “could have been avoided”, affirms Pierre, the nurse.

The general director of the CHM, Jean-Mathieu Defour, specifies that the patient had "presented to the emergency room the day before" of her death but that she had been "sent home because her condition, at that time, was not 'did not fall within the criteria' for support.

As is the rule in the event of an unexpected complication, a “mortality and morbidity review” (analysis of the facts) was launched. Its “results are not yet known”, according to the director.

- "Degraded mode"

“The emergency department is operating in degraded mode,” recognizes the boss of the CHM, who initiated a blank plan a year and a half ago. “We are stopping non-urgent activities and certain consultations to refocus medical and paramedical resources,” he specifies.

To accommodate cholera cases and create a dedicated space, the hospital center had to close its short-term hospitalization unit. “This puts even more pressure on emergencies since there are no longer any airlocks with other services,” continues Jean-Mathieu Defour.

Less urgent cases are sent to peripheral medical centers, located throughout the island.

But the conditions of care there are not the same as in the hospital.

“There are no emergency doctors in the dispensaries, only general practitioners. And sometimes patients are kept there until early in the morning while their state of health deteriorates,” relates the CHM doctor.

For the past month, the emergency department has recorded almost half as many admissions as usual. However, “we know very well that there is damage outside,” continues the patrician.

And due to lack of staff, calls to 15 are regularly transferred to Reunion.

The director concedes that "the situation is complicated", even if the hospital is in the "capacity" to "take care of patients presenting to the emergency room", assures the CHM in a message published Wednesday on social networks.

“In mainland France, we see emergency services closing. Here it is impossible since we cannot send patients 50 kilometers away…”, argues Jean-Mathieu Defour. So the Mamoudzou emergency rooms remain open, even though there is a shortage of staff. “Mayotte is a territory in permanent crisis, it is not at all attractive,” underlines the director.

If recruitment difficulties persist, it is also because of a “management” problem, points out Benoît (first name changed), another CHM nurse. "There is no organization. We are told everything and its opposite. This has pushed nearly 20 people to leave in recent months," he calculates.

Under these conditions, caregivers are considering exercising their right of withdrawal, says the same nurse. "Everyone is disgusted. We are being mistreated and we are mistreating patients, because we have no choice."

https://www.clicanoo.re/article/societe/2024/05/30/mayotte-lhopital-au-bord-de-la-rupture​
 
Translation Google
Cholera in Mayotte. Update as of May 29, 2024.


Published on May 31, 2024
Updated on May 31, 2024


Key points
  • Between 05/23 and 05/29/2024, 21 cases of cholera were reported in Mayotte, bringing to 125 the total number of cases recorded in the department since 03/18/2024 (121 confirmed and 4 probable cases). ) ;
  • Of these, 106 were acquired locally and 19 imported;
  • Four epidemic outbreaks, 3 of which are active in the department: two districts of Koungou (71 cases), one district of M'tsangamouji (16 cases) and one in Passamainty (12 cases). A family home was detected in Cavani without traffic in the neighborhood;
  • 12 serious cases requiring intensive care and 2 confirmed deaths were recorded.

PDF 0.9 MB


https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/.../2024/cholera-a-mayotte.-point-au-29-mai-2024
 
Translation Google
Cholera in Mayotte. Update as of June 6, 2024.


Published on June 7, 2024
Updated on June 7, 2024


Key points
  • Between 05/30 and 06/05/2024, 23 cases of cholera were reported in Mayotte, bringing to 148 the total number of cases recorded in the department since 03/18/2024 (144 confirmed and 4 probable cases). ).
  • Of these, 128 were acquired locally and 20 imported.
  • Five epidemic outbreaks, 2 of which are active in the department: two outbreaks in Koungou, one of which is still active, totaling 76 cases, one outbreak in M'tsangamouji (16 cases), one outbreak in Passamainty still active (25 cases) and one family outbreak detected in Cavani without traffic in the neighborhood.
  • Three new cases detected outside known epidemic outbreaks.
  • 14 serious cases requiring intensive care and 2 confirmed deaths were recorded.



https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/.../2024/cholera-a-mayotte.-point-au-6-juin-2024


 
Translation Google
Cholera in Mayotte: a new outbreak identified in Tsoundzou 1

According to the latest Public Health France bulletin, 28 cases of cholera were detected in Mayotte between June 5 and June 11. A new source of contamination has been identified in Tsoundzou 1, with eight confirmed cases. 166 cases have been recorded since mid-March.

Raphaël Cann • Published on June 13, 2024 at 11:17 a.m.

166 cases of cholera have been detected in Mayotte since mid-March according to the Public Health France bulletin, published this Thursday, June 13. Between June 5 and June 11, 28 cases were identified. 5 cases were recorded in Koungou on June 5 and 6, but the disease has not spread since. A relief for the municipality, half of the cases in the department were recorded on its territory.

A third of cases were detected in Mamoudzou, which has the only two outbreaks still active. Over the past week, in addition to Passamainty, a new outbreak has been identified in Tsoundzou 1 with eight confirmed cases. Four other cases were identified in three different locations in the municipality. Two imported cases were also referred to the CHM upon their arrival.

Santé Publique France recalls that most cases declared using river water for their daily uses. “ These are people living in precarious neighborhoods with difficulty accessing drinking water and poor sanitation, favoring the spread of the disease ,” summarizes the agency.

https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/mayo...au-foyer-identifie-a-tsoundzou-1-1496564.html
 
Translation Google
Cholera in Mayotte. Update as of June 19, 2024.

Published on June 21, 2024
Updated on June 21, 2024



Key points
  • Between 06/12 and 06/18/2024, 27 cases of cholera were reported in Mayotte, bringing to 193 the total number of cases recorded in the department since 03/18/2024 (188 confirmed and 5 probable cases). ) ;
  • of these, 172 were acquired locally and 21 imported;
  • three active outbreaks in the commune of Mamoudzou: Passamainty (36 cases since 03/18/2024), Tsoundzou 1 (13 cases since 03/18/2024) and a new outbreak identified in Doujani with 12 cases in one week;
  • no new cases of cholera in Koungou since June 6, 2024;
  • 14 serious cases requiring intensive care and 2 deaths of confirmed cases were recorded.

PDF 0.86 MB


https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/...2024/cholera-a-mayotte.-point-au-19-juin-2024
 
Translation Google

Cholera: 17 new cases in six days

The ARS confirms 17 new cases of cholera since the last report sent by Public Health France.

Mathilde HANGARD
June 24, 2024

While on June 21, 2024, Public Health France reported 27 new cases occurring between June 12 and 18, 2024, bringing to 193 the total number of cases recorded in the department since the start of the introduction of the disease to Mayotte.

This Monday, June 24, the Regional Health Agency recorded 17 additional cases, in the space of six days, since last Friday, June 21, bringing to 210, the total number of confirmed cholera cases since the start of the epidemic.
...

https://lejournaldemayotte.yt/2024/06/24/cholera-17-nouveaux-cas-en-six-jours/
 
Translation Google
Cholera in Mayotte. Update as of June 26, 2024.

Published on June 28, 2024
Updated on June 28, 2024


Key points
  • Between 06/19 and 06/25/2024, 17 cases of cholera were reported in Mayotte, bringing to 210 the total number of cases recorded in the department since 03/18/2024 (205 confirmed cases and 5 probable cases ) ;
  • of these, 189 were locally acquired and 21 are imported cases;
  • four outbreaks are active in the commune of Mamoudzou: Passamainty (35 cases since 03/18/2024), Tsoundzou 1 (13 cases since 03/18/2024), Doujani (16 cases since 03/18/2024) and a new outbreak identified in Mtsapéré with 6 cases in one week;
  • no new cases of cholera have been reported in Koungou since June 6, 2024;
  • 15 serious cases requiring hospitalization in intensive care (including 1 for reasons not related to cholera) and 2 deaths of confirmed cases were recorded.

PDF 0.72 MB


https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/...2024/cholera-a-mayotte.-point-au-26-juin-2024
 
Translation Google

CHOLERA EPIDEMIC IN MAYOTTE: DEATH TOLL RISES TO FIVE, NO MORE CASES DETECTED SINCE MID-JULY

Emilie Roussey
THE 07/30/2024 at 9:19 p.m.

No cases of cholera have been detected since July 12 in Mayotte, according to the latest ARS report.

The death toll is rising in Mayotte. The cholera epidemic has caused five deaths since the start of the epidemic in March, according to a new report from the Regional Health Agency published on Tuesday, July 30, three more than in the previous report dated July 22.

The ARS also noted two deaths "partially attributable" to cholera. This means that in these cases there are only part of the indicators of the disease, which are the presence of clinical signs, microbiological proof, an epidemiological link and an absence of known comorbidity.

Regarding the number of people infected with cholera on the island, the ARS indicates that no new cases have been reported since July 12. Since the first case identified on March 18, 221 cases have been identified on the island. Also, 1,243 people have been treated for the disease and 18,766 people vaccinated.
...

https://www.bfmtv.com/sante/epidemi...etecte-depuis-mi-juillet_AV-202407300646.html

---------------------------------------


 
Translation Google

An epidemic now over in Mayotte, but a situation that remains under surveillance

Press release
October 7, 2024

Mayotte experienced a cholera epidemic this year, which led national and local authorities to mobilize very strongly to ensure the health security of the population. In view of the absence of cholera cases in the territory since July 12, the Mayotte Regional Health Agency and Public Health France consider that the cholera epidemic is now over.

A strong mobilization of State services which will have made it possible to stem the spread of the bacteria and extinguish the epidemic signal

As soon as the first case of cholera was confirmed in the Union of the Comoros in February 2024, the Mayotte Regional Health Agency, in conjunction with national and local authorities, developed an ambitious response plan, the objective of which was to detect all suspected cases, and to manage and treat all cases of cholera in hospital, and to intervene quickly at patients' homes to disinfect living spaces and vaccinate and treat all contact persons. This strategy, combined with the implementation of preventive measures, will have contributed to significantly limiting the impact of the epidemic in Mayotte at the height of the crisis. Secondly, the organization of a vast preventive vaccination campaign in the most vulnerable areas (nearly 35,000 vaccinations carried out), the maintenance of water ramps in strategic sectors and the continued awareness-raising of populations on hygiene measures now constitute factors for protecting the population in the medium term.

The Prefect of Mayotte, the Mayotte Regional Health Agency and Public Health France would like to salute the unwavering commitment of health professionals, government services and community partners who have worked daily to meet this major challenge.

Maintaining high vigilance, particularly in light of the recent confirmation of new cases of cholera in the Union of the Comoros

Although the epidemic is now over in Mayotte, national and local authorities are maintaining a high level of vigilance in the territory, considering on the one hand the identification of new cases of cholera in the Union of the Comoros, and on the other hand the approach of the rainy season conducive to the re-emergence of various waterborne diseases.
In this context, the Mayotte Regional Health Agency and Public Health France are maintaining a high level of surveillance, at the points of entry into the territory and more broadly within the island with the network of health and associative partners.

Finally, the authorities point out that compliance with precautionary measures (consumption of drinking water, regular hand washing, management of excreta) remains the most effective way to protect against the transmission of various waterborne diseases.

https://www.mayotte.ars.sante.fr/un...ais-une-situation-qui-reste-sous-surveillance
 
Translation Google
From Yemen to Mayotte, a highly antibiotic-resistant strain of the cholera agent is spreading
From Yemen to Mayotte, a highly antibiotic-resistant strain of the cholera agent is spreading

Press Flash

12.12.2024


Researchers from the National Reference Center for Vibrions and Cholera at the Pasteur Institute, in collaboration with the Mayotte Hospital Center, have highlighted the spread from Yemen of a highly antibiotic-resistant strain of the cholera agent. This study is published on December 12, 2024 in the New England Journal of Medicine .​​

Cholera is an epidemic diarrheal disease caused by certain bacteria of the species Vibrio cholerae. In its most severe manifestations, cholera is one of the most rapidly fatal infectious diseases: death can occur within a few hours if untreated. The latter essentially consists of compensating for digestive losses of water and electrolytes. Antibiotics are used in addition to rehydration. They are essential to reduce the duration of the infection and to break the chains of transmission as quickly as possible.

A strain resistant to ten antibiotics, including two of the three recommended for the treatment of cholera, azithromycin and ciprofloxacin, was first identified in Yemen during the cholera epidemic that occurred in 2018-2019 [SUP][1][/SUP] .

Scientists have now been able to trace the spread of this strain by studying bacterial genomes. After Yemen, they identified it again in Lebanon in 2022 [SUP][2][/SUP] then in Kenya in 2023, and finally in Tanzania and the Comoros, including Mayotte, a French department located off the southeast coast of Africa, in 2024. Between March and July 2024, the island of Mayotte was affected by an epidemic of 221 cases caused by this strain, which is highly resistant to antibiotics.

" This study highlights the need to strengthen global surveillance of the cholera agent and in particular to be able to know its behavior with respect to antibiotics in real time. If this new strain that is currently spreading were to acquire additional resistance to tetracycline, this would then compromise any oral antibiotic treatment ," concludes Professor François-Xavier Weill, head of the Vibrions CNR at the Pasteur Institute and lead author of the study.


[1] Press release 08/19/2023 - Cholera epidemic in Yemen: identification of genes promoting resistance to antibiotics :
[2] https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-51428-0
Sources:

Long-Distance Spread of a Highly Drug-Resistant Epidemic Cholera Strain, New England Journal of Medicine , December 12, 2024
Caroline Rouard [SUP]1[/SUP] , Louis Collet [SUP]2[/SUP] , Elisabeth Njamkepo [SUP]1[/SUP] , Claire Jenkins [SUP]3[/SUP] , Rosalie Sacheli [SUP]4[/SUP] , Thierry Benoit-Cattin [SUP]5[/SUP] , Julie Figoni [SUP]6[/SUP] , François-Xavier Weill [SUP]1[/SUP]
1. Pasteur Institute, Enteric Pathogenic Bacteria Unit
2. Mayotte Hospital Center
3. UKHSA
4. CHU de Liege University Hospital Center City
5. Mayotte Hospital Center
6. Public Health France


https://www.pasteur.fr/fr/espace-pr...resistante-aux-antibiotiques-agent-du-cholera
 
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