tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis
. 2020 Aug 29;29(12):105288.
doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105288. Online ahead of print.
Clinical Characteristics of Stroke with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Mai Yamakawa[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Toshiki Kuno[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Takahisa Mikami[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Hisato Takagi[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Gary Gronseth[SUP] 5 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) potentially increases the risk of thromboembolism and stroke. Numerous case reports and retrospective cohort studies have been published with mixed characteristics of COVID-19 patients with stroke regarding age, comorbidities, treatment, and outcome. We aimed to depict the frequency and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with stroke.
Methods: PubMed and EMBASE were searched on June 10, 2020, to investigate COVID-19 and stroke through retrospective cross-sectional studies, case series/reports according to PRISMA guidelines. Study-specific estimates were combined using one-group meta-analysis in a random-effects model.
Results: 10 retrospective cohort studies and 16 case series/reports were identified including 183 patients with COVID-19 and stroke. The frequency of detected stroke in hospitalized COVID-19 patients was 1.1% ([95% confidential interval (CI)]: [0.6-1.6], I[SUP]2[/SUP] = 62.9%). Mean age was 66.6 ([58.4-74.9], I[SUP]2[/SUP] = 95.1%), 65.6% was male (61/93 patients). Mean days from symptom onset of COVID-19 to stroke was 8.0 ([4.1-11.9], p< 0.001, I[SUP]2[/SUP] = 93.1%). D-dimer was 3.3 μg/mL ([1.7-4.9], I[SUP]2[/SUP] = 86.3%), and cryptogenic stroke was most common as etiology at 50.7% ([31.0-70.4] I[SUP]2[/SUP] = 64.1%, 39/71patients). Case fatality rate was 44.2% ([27.9-60.5], I[SUP]2[/SUP] = 66.7%, 40/100 patients).
Conclusions: This systematic review assessed the frequency and clinical characteristics of stroke in COVID-19 patients. The frequency of detected stroke in hospitalized COVID-19 patients was 1.1% and associated with older age and stroke risk factors. Frequent cryptogenic stroke and elevated d-dimer level support increased risk of thromboembolism in COVID-19 associated with high mortality. Further study is needed to elucidate the pathophysiology and prognosis of stroke in COVID-19 to achieve most effective care for this population.
Keywords: COVID-19; Meta-analysis; SARS-CoV2; Systematic review; stroke.
. 2020 Aug 29;29(12):105288.
doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105288. Online ahead of print.
Clinical Characteristics of Stroke with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Mai Yamakawa[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Toshiki Kuno[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Takahisa Mikami[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Hisato Takagi[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Gary Gronseth[SUP] 5 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 32992199
- PMCID: PMC7456266
- DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105288
Abstract
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) potentially increases the risk of thromboembolism and stroke. Numerous case reports and retrospective cohort studies have been published with mixed characteristics of COVID-19 patients with stroke regarding age, comorbidities, treatment, and outcome. We aimed to depict the frequency and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with stroke.
Methods: PubMed and EMBASE were searched on June 10, 2020, to investigate COVID-19 and stroke through retrospective cross-sectional studies, case series/reports according to PRISMA guidelines. Study-specific estimates were combined using one-group meta-analysis in a random-effects model.
Results: 10 retrospective cohort studies and 16 case series/reports were identified including 183 patients with COVID-19 and stroke. The frequency of detected stroke in hospitalized COVID-19 patients was 1.1% ([95% confidential interval (CI)]: [0.6-1.6], I[SUP]2[/SUP] = 62.9%). Mean age was 66.6 ([58.4-74.9], I[SUP]2[/SUP] = 95.1%), 65.6% was male (61/93 patients). Mean days from symptom onset of COVID-19 to stroke was 8.0 ([4.1-11.9], p< 0.001, I[SUP]2[/SUP] = 93.1%). D-dimer was 3.3 μg/mL ([1.7-4.9], I[SUP]2[/SUP] = 86.3%), and cryptogenic stroke was most common as etiology at 50.7% ([31.0-70.4] I[SUP]2[/SUP] = 64.1%, 39/71patients). Case fatality rate was 44.2% ([27.9-60.5], I[SUP]2[/SUP] = 66.7%, 40/100 patients).
Conclusions: This systematic review assessed the frequency and clinical characteristics of stroke in COVID-19 patients. The frequency of detected stroke in hospitalized COVID-19 patients was 1.1% and associated with older age and stroke risk factors. Frequent cryptogenic stroke and elevated d-dimer level support increased risk of thromboembolism in COVID-19 associated with high mortality. Further study is needed to elucidate the pathophysiology and prognosis of stroke in COVID-19 to achieve most effective care for this population.
Keywords: COVID-19; Meta-analysis; SARS-CoV2; Systematic review; stroke.