tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Infect Dis
. 2022 Aug 6;jiac304.
doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiac304. Online ahead of print.
Enhanced Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Antigen-Specific Systemic Immune Responses in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children and Reversal After Recovery
Nathella Pavan Kumar[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Aishwarya Venkataraman[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Arul Nancy[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Kadar Moideen[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Poovazhagi Varadarjan[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Elilarasi Selladurai[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Thankgavelu Sangaralingam[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Ramya Selvam[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Akshith Thimmaiah[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Suresh Natarajan[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Ganesh Ramasamy[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Syed Hissar[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Umadevi Radayam Ranganathan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Subash Babu[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) presents with inflammation and pathology of multiple organs in the pediatric population in the weeks following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.
Methods: We characterized the SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific cytokine and chemokine responses in children with MIS-C, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and other infectious diseases.
Results: MIS-C is characterized by elevated levels of type 1 (interferon-γ, interleukin [IL] 2), type 2 (IL-4, IL-13), type 17 (IL-17), and other proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-6, IL-12p70, IL-18, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) in comparison to COVID-19 and other infectious diseases following stimulation with SARS-CoV-2-specific antigens. Similarly, upon SARS-CoV-2 antigen stimulation, CCL2, CCL3, and CXCL10 chemokines were significantly elevated in children with MIS-C in comparison to the other 2 groups. Principal component analysis based on these cytokines and chemokines could clearly distinguish MIS-C from both COVID-19 and other infections. In addition, these responses were significantly diminished and normalized 6-9 months after recovery.
Conclusions: Our data suggest that MIS-C is characterized by an enhanced production of cytokines and chemokines that may be associated with disease pathogenesis.
Keywords: COVID-19; MIS-C; SARS-CoV-2; chemokines; cytokines; in vitro cell culture; pediatric population.
. 2022 Aug 6;jiac304.
doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiac304. Online ahead of print.
Enhanced Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Antigen-Specific Systemic Immune Responses in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children and Reversal After Recovery
Nathella Pavan Kumar[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Aishwarya Venkataraman[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Arul Nancy[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Kadar Moideen[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Poovazhagi Varadarjan[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Elilarasi Selladurai[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Thankgavelu Sangaralingam[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Ramya Selvam[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Akshith Thimmaiah[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Suresh Natarajan[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Ganesh Ramasamy[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Syed Hissar[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Umadevi Radayam Ranganathan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Subash Babu[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35932220
- DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac304
Abstract
Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) presents with inflammation and pathology of multiple organs in the pediatric population in the weeks following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.
Methods: We characterized the SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific cytokine and chemokine responses in children with MIS-C, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and other infectious diseases.
Results: MIS-C is characterized by elevated levels of type 1 (interferon-γ, interleukin [IL] 2), type 2 (IL-4, IL-13), type 17 (IL-17), and other proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-6, IL-12p70, IL-18, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) in comparison to COVID-19 and other infectious diseases following stimulation with SARS-CoV-2-specific antigens. Similarly, upon SARS-CoV-2 antigen stimulation, CCL2, CCL3, and CXCL10 chemokines were significantly elevated in children with MIS-C in comparison to the other 2 groups. Principal component analysis based on these cytokines and chemokines could clearly distinguish MIS-C from both COVID-19 and other infections. In addition, these responses were significantly diminished and normalized 6-9 months after recovery.
Conclusions: Our data suggest that MIS-C is characterized by an enhanced production of cytokines and chemokines that may be associated with disease pathogenesis.
Keywords: COVID-19; MIS-C; SARS-CoV-2; chemokines; cytokines; in vitro cell culture; pediatric population.