tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Infect Dis
. 2023 Oct 24:jiad395.
doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiad395. Online ahead of print. COVID-19 Recovery: Consistent Absence of Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarker Abnormalities in Patients With Neurocognitive Post-COVID Complications
Nelly Kanberg[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Anna Grahn[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Erika Stentoft[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Daniel Bremell[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Aylin Yilmaz[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Marie Studahl[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Staffan Nilsson[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Michael Schöll[SUP] 4 5 6 [/SUP], Johanna M Gostner[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Kaj Blennow[SUP] 4 8 [/SUP], Henrik Zetterberg[SUP] 4 6 8 9 10 11 [/SUP], Nikhil Padmanabhan[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Rachel Cohen[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Salvia Misaghian[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Daniel Romero[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Christopher Campbell[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Anu Mathew[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Mingyue Wang[SUP] 12 [/SUP], George Sigal[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Martin Stengelin[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Arvid Edén[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Magnus Gisslén[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Background: To investigate evidence of residual viral infection, intrathecal immune activation, central nervous system (CNS) injury, and humoral responses in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma in patients recovering from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with or without neurocognitive post-COVID condition (PCC).
Methods: Thirty-one participants (25 with neurocognitive PCC) underwent clinical examination, lumbar puncture, and venipuncture ≥3 months after COVID-19 symptom onset. Healthy volunteers were included. CSF and plasma severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleocapsid and spike antigen (N-Ag, S-Ag), and CSF biomarkers of immune activation and neuronal injury were analyzed.
Results: SARS-CoV-2 N-Ag or S-Ag were undetectable in all samples and no participant had pleocytosis. We detected no significant differences in CSF and plasma cytokine concentrations, albumin ratio, IgG index, neopterin, β2M, or in CSF biomarkers of neuronal injury and astrocytic damage. Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA1) analysis did not indicate any significant differences between the study groups in the marker sets cytokines, neuronal markers, or anti-cytokine autoantibodies.
Conclusions: We found no evidence of ongoing viral replication, immune activation, or CNS injury in plasma or CSF in patients with neurocognitive PCC compared with COVID-19 controls or healthy volunteers, suggesting that neurocognitive PCC is a consequence of events suffered during acute COVID-19 rather than persistent viral CNS infection or residual CNS inflammation.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; central nervous system; cerebrospinal fluid; post-COVID condition.
. 2023 Oct 24:jiad395.
doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiad395. Online ahead of print. COVID-19 Recovery: Consistent Absence of Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarker Abnormalities in Patients With Neurocognitive Post-COVID Complications
Nelly Kanberg[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Anna Grahn[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Erika Stentoft[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Daniel Bremell[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Aylin Yilmaz[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Marie Studahl[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Staffan Nilsson[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Michael Schöll[SUP] 4 5 6 [/SUP], Johanna M Gostner[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Kaj Blennow[SUP] 4 8 [/SUP], Henrik Zetterberg[SUP] 4 6 8 9 10 11 [/SUP], Nikhil Padmanabhan[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Rachel Cohen[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Salvia Misaghian[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Daniel Romero[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Christopher Campbell[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Anu Mathew[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Mingyue Wang[SUP] 12 [/SUP], George Sigal[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Martin Stengelin[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Arvid Edén[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Magnus Gisslén[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 37874918
- DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad395
Background: To investigate evidence of residual viral infection, intrathecal immune activation, central nervous system (CNS) injury, and humoral responses in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma in patients recovering from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with or without neurocognitive post-COVID condition (PCC).
Methods: Thirty-one participants (25 with neurocognitive PCC) underwent clinical examination, lumbar puncture, and venipuncture ≥3 months after COVID-19 symptom onset. Healthy volunteers were included. CSF and plasma severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleocapsid and spike antigen (N-Ag, S-Ag), and CSF biomarkers of immune activation and neuronal injury were analyzed.
Results: SARS-CoV-2 N-Ag or S-Ag were undetectable in all samples and no participant had pleocytosis. We detected no significant differences in CSF and plasma cytokine concentrations, albumin ratio, IgG index, neopterin, β2M, or in CSF biomarkers of neuronal injury and astrocytic damage. Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA1) analysis did not indicate any significant differences between the study groups in the marker sets cytokines, neuronal markers, or anti-cytokine autoantibodies.
Conclusions: We found no evidence of ongoing viral replication, immune activation, or CNS injury in plasma or CSF in patients with neurocognitive PCC compared with COVID-19 controls or healthy volunteers, suggesting that neurocognitive PCC is a consequence of events suffered during acute COVID-19 rather than persistent viral CNS infection or residual CNS inflammation.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; central nervous system; cerebrospinal fluid; post-COVID condition.