tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Infect Dis
. 2022 Sep 20;jiac385.
doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiac385. Online ahead of print.
Comparison of the Risk of Hospitalization and Severe Disease Among Co-circulating Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Variants
Camino Trobajo-Sanmartín[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Ana Miqueleiz[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Marcela Guevara[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Miguel Fernández-Huerta[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Cristina Burgui[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Itziar Casado[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Fernando Baigorria[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ana Navascués[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Carmen Ezpeleta[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Jesús Castilla[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Background: We compare the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes among co-circulating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants between January 2021 and May 2022 in Navarra, Spain.
Methods: We compared the frequency of hospitalization and severe disease (intensive care unit admission or death) due to COVID-19 among the co-circulating variants. Variants analyzed were non-variants of concern (non-VOCs), Alpha, Delta, Omicron BA.1, and Omicron BA.2. Logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratio (aOR).
Results: The Alpha variant had a higher risk of hospitalization (aOR, 1.86 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.28-2.71]) and severe disease (aOR, 2.40 [95% CI, 1.31-4.40]) than non-VOCs. The Delta variant did not show a significantly different risk of hospitalization (aOR, 0.73 [95% CI, .40-1.30]) and severe disease (aOR, 3.04 [95% CI, .57-16.22]) compared to the Alpha variant. The Omicron BA.1 significantly reduced both risks relative to the Delta variant (aORs, 0.28 [95% CI, .16-.47] and 0.23 [95% CI, .12-.46], respectively). The Omicron BA.2 reduced the risk of hospitalization compared to BA.1 (aOR, 0.52 [95% CI, .29-.95]).
Conclusions: The Alpha and Delta variants showed an increased risk of hospitalization and severe disease, which decreased considerably with the Omicron BA.1 and BA.2. Surveillance of variants can lead to important differences in severity.
Keywords: Alpha variant; COVID-19; Delta variant; Omicron variant; SARS-CoV-2 variants; hospitalization; severe disease; variant of concern.
. 2022 Sep 20;jiac385.
doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiac385. Online ahead of print.
Comparison of the Risk of Hospitalization and Severe Disease Among Co-circulating Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Variants
Camino Trobajo-Sanmartín[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Ana Miqueleiz[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Marcela Guevara[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Miguel Fernández-Huerta[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Cristina Burgui[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Itziar Casado[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Fernando Baigorria[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ana Navascués[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Carmen Ezpeleta[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Jesús Castilla[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 36179126
- DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac385
Abstract
Background: We compare the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes among co-circulating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants between January 2021 and May 2022 in Navarra, Spain.
Methods: We compared the frequency of hospitalization and severe disease (intensive care unit admission or death) due to COVID-19 among the co-circulating variants. Variants analyzed were non-variants of concern (non-VOCs), Alpha, Delta, Omicron BA.1, and Omicron BA.2. Logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratio (aOR).
Results: The Alpha variant had a higher risk of hospitalization (aOR, 1.86 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.28-2.71]) and severe disease (aOR, 2.40 [95% CI, 1.31-4.40]) than non-VOCs. The Delta variant did not show a significantly different risk of hospitalization (aOR, 0.73 [95% CI, .40-1.30]) and severe disease (aOR, 3.04 [95% CI, .57-16.22]) compared to the Alpha variant. The Omicron BA.1 significantly reduced both risks relative to the Delta variant (aORs, 0.28 [95% CI, .16-.47] and 0.23 [95% CI, .12-.46], respectively). The Omicron BA.2 reduced the risk of hospitalization compared to BA.1 (aOR, 0.52 [95% CI, .29-.95]).
Conclusions: The Alpha and Delta variants showed an increased risk of hospitalization and severe disease, which decreased considerably with the Omicron BA.1 and BA.2. Surveillance of variants can lead to important differences in severity.
Keywords: Alpha variant; COVID-19; Delta variant; Omicron variant; SARS-CoV-2 variants; hospitalization; severe disease; variant of concern.