tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Infect Chemother
. 2025 Jun 26:102764.
doi: 10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102764. Online ahead of print. Effects of Booster Vaccination on Post-Treatment Oxygen Deterioration in Hospitalized Mild-to-Moderate COVID-19 Japanese Patients with comorbidities During the Omicron Wave
Shunsaku Hayai[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kensuke Fukumitsu[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Atsushi Suzuki[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jun Fukihara[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Takuma Katano[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Toshiyuki Yonezawa[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Tomoyuki Ogisu[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Hiroyuki Tanaka[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Takahiro Inoue[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Hisashi Kako[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Yuri Maeda[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Makoto Ishii[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Akio Niimi[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Kazuyoshi Imaizumi[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Etsuro Yamaguchi[SUP] 5 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Introduction: Although the emergence of the Omicron variant has decreased overall mortality from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) compared to the Delta variant, elderly individuals with comorbidities remain at increased risk of adverse outcomes. While vaccination and antiviral treatments have reduced the severity of COVID-19, data on the impact of booster vaccination on post-hospitalization oxygen deterioration in the Japanese population remain limited.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of hospitalized mild-to-moderate COVID-19 Japanese patients during the Omicron variant wave (December 2021 to October 2022). Both vaccinated and unvaccinated patients were included and categorized into three groups based on their vaccination status: unvaccinated (0-1 vaccine dose), primary series (2 vaccine doses), and booster group (3-4 vaccine doses). Demographic and clinical data were collected, and the frequency and time to post-hospitalization oxygen deterioration were evaluated among the three groups.
Results: A total of 596 patients were analyzed (141 unvaccinated, 180 primary series, and 275 booster group). The booster group showed significantly lower rates of oxygen deterioration and a longer time to deterioration compared to the other groups, despite being older and having more comorbidities. A multivariate analysis, adjusted for age and gender, revealed that booster vaccination was significantly associated with a reduced risk of oxygen deterioration after initial treatment. Similar results were observed in the subgroup analysis of elderly patients aged 65 years and older.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrated the effectiveness of booster vaccination on preventing post-treatment oxygen deterioration in hospitalized mild-to-moderate COVID-19 Japanese patients with comorbidities during the Omicron wave.
Keywords: COVID-19; Omicron wave; booster vaccination; comorbidities; hospitalization; oxygen deterioration.
. 2025 Jun 26:102764.
doi: 10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102764. Online ahead of print. Effects of Booster Vaccination on Post-Treatment Oxygen Deterioration in Hospitalized Mild-to-Moderate COVID-19 Japanese Patients with comorbidities During the Omicron Wave
Shunsaku Hayai[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kensuke Fukumitsu[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Atsushi Suzuki[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jun Fukihara[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Takuma Katano[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Toshiyuki Yonezawa[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Tomoyuki Ogisu[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Hiroyuki Tanaka[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Takahiro Inoue[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Hisashi Kako[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Yuri Maeda[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Makoto Ishii[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Akio Niimi[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Kazuyoshi Imaizumi[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Etsuro Yamaguchi[SUP] 5 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 40581258
- DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102764
Introduction: Although the emergence of the Omicron variant has decreased overall mortality from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) compared to the Delta variant, elderly individuals with comorbidities remain at increased risk of adverse outcomes. While vaccination and antiviral treatments have reduced the severity of COVID-19, data on the impact of booster vaccination on post-hospitalization oxygen deterioration in the Japanese population remain limited.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of hospitalized mild-to-moderate COVID-19 Japanese patients during the Omicron variant wave (December 2021 to October 2022). Both vaccinated and unvaccinated patients were included and categorized into three groups based on their vaccination status: unvaccinated (0-1 vaccine dose), primary series (2 vaccine doses), and booster group (3-4 vaccine doses). Demographic and clinical data were collected, and the frequency and time to post-hospitalization oxygen deterioration were evaluated among the three groups.
Results: A total of 596 patients were analyzed (141 unvaccinated, 180 primary series, and 275 booster group). The booster group showed significantly lower rates of oxygen deterioration and a longer time to deterioration compared to the other groups, despite being older and having more comorbidities. A multivariate analysis, adjusted for age and gender, revealed that booster vaccination was significantly associated with a reduced risk of oxygen deterioration after initial treatment. Similar results were observed in the subgroup analysis of elderly patients aged 65 years and older.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrated the effectiveness of booster vaccination on preventing post-treatment oxygen deterioration in hospitalized mild-to-moderate COVID-19 Japanese patients with comorbidities during the Omicron wave.
Keywords: COVID-19; Omicron wave; booster vaccination; comorbidities; hospitalization; oxygen deterioration.