tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Int J Public Health
. 2025 Sep 19:70:1608380.
doi: 10.3389/ijph.2025.1608380. eCollection 2025. Risk of Swine Influenza Virus Spillover at the Human-Swine Interface - a Scoping Review
Sendhilkumar Muthappan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Gulam Mohd[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jasmine Beryl Lydia[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Janana Priya[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Anusha Salvankar[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Pujitha Mallina[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Vineetha Varanasi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Manickam Ponnaiah[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Subarna Roy[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Manoj V Murhekar[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Objectives: We conducted this scoping review to describe the factors that influence the risk of spillover of Swine Influenza Virus (SIV) at various human-swine interfaces.
Methods: We used the PubMed and EMBASE databases to identify relevant articles published until February 2024. We included cross-sectional, case-control, cohort, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and ecological studies. Two authors screened the titles, abstracts, and full texts. The extracted details were presented in tables and figures.
Results: Among the 55 studies, the majority were conducted in the United States (n = 27) and published after 2015 (n = 30). Occupational risk factors were the most commonly reported (n = 14), followed by lack of biosecurity measures (n = 10). We classified the identified risk factors into two broad categories: (1) risk factors that influence the transmission of SIV among swine and from swine to human, and (2) risk factors associated with the type of human-swine interfaces.
Conclusion: Vaccination, biosecurity measures, and surveillance systems at human-swine interfaces effectively reduce swine influenza transmission. These strategies can be tailored to specific risk factors in common interaction settings.
Keywords: influenza A virus; pandemic; spillover; swine; swine influenza virus.
. 2025 Sep 19:70:1608380.
doi: 10.3389/ijph.2025.1608380. eCollection 2025. Risk of Swine Influenza Virus Spillover at the Human-Swine Interface - a Scoping Review
Sendhilkumar Muthappan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Gulam Mohd[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jasmine Beryl Lydia[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Janana Priya[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Anusha Salvankar[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Pujitha Mallina[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Vineetha Varanasi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Manickam Ponnaiah[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Subarna Roy[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Manoj V Murhekar[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 41049122
- PMCID: PMC12491070
- DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2025.1608380
Objectives: We conducted this scoping review to describe the factors that influence the risk of spillover of Swine Influenza Virus (SIV) at various human-swine interfaces.
Methods: We used the PubMed and EMBASE databases to identify relevant articles published until February 2024. We included cross-sectional, case-control, cohort, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and ecological studies. Two authors screened the titles, abstracts, and full texts. The extracted details were presented in tables and figures.
Results: Among the 55 studies, the majority were conducted in the United States (n = 27) and published after 2015 (n = 30). Occupational risk factors were the most commonly reported (n = 14), followed by lack of biosecurity measures (n = 10). We classified the identified risk factors into two broad categories: (1) risk factors that influence the transmission of SIV among swine and from swine to human, and (2) risk factors associated with the type of human-swine interfaces.
Conclusion: Vaccination, biosecurity measures, and surveillance systems at human-swine interfaces effectively reduce swine influenza transmission. These strategies can be tailored to specific risk factors in common interaction settings.
Keywords: influenza A virus; pandemic; spillover; swine; swine influenza virus.