tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Infect Genet Evol
. 2021 Jan 23;104729.
doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104729. Online ahead of print.
SARS-CoV-2 and other human coronavirus: Mapping of protease recognition sites, antigenic variation of spike protein and their grouping through molecular phylogenetics
Chiranjib Chakraborty[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ashish Ranjan Sharma[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Manojit Bhattacharya[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Rudra P Saha[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Sanmitra Ghosh[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Soham Biswas[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Saikat Samanta[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Garima Sharma[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Govindasamy Agoramoorthy[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Sang-Soo Lee[SUP] 7 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
In recent years, a total of seven human pathogenic coronaviruses (HCoVs) strains were identified, i.e., SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-HKU1. Here, we performed an analysis of the protease recognition sites and antigenic variation of the S-protein of these HCoVs. We showed tissue-specific expression pattern, functions, and a number of recognition sites of proteases in S-proteins from seven strains of HCoVs. In the case of SARS-CoV-2, we found two new protease recognition sites, each of calpain-2, pepsin-A, and caspase-8, and one new protease recognition site each of caspase-6, caspase-3, and furin. Our antigenic mapping study of the S-protein of these HCoVs showed that the SARS-CoV-2 virus strain has the most potent antigenic epitopes (highest antigenicity score with maximum numbers of epitope regions). Additionally, the other six strains of HCoVs show common antigenic epitopes (both B-cell and T-cell), with low antigenicity scores compared to SARS-CoV-2. We suggest that the molecular evolution of structural proteins of human CoV can be classified, such as (i) HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-229E, (ii) SARS-CoV-2, and SARS-CoV and (iii) HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-HKU1. In conclusion, we can presume that our study might help to prepare the interventions for the possible HCoVs outbreaks in the future.
Keywords: Antigenic variation; Human coronavirus; Molecular phylogenetics; Protease recognition sites; S-protein.
. 2021 Jan 23;104729.
doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104729. Online ahead of print.
SARS-CoV-2 and other human coronavirus: Mapping of protease recognition sites, antigenic variation of spike protein and their grouping through molecular phylogenetics
Chiranjib Chakraborty[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ashish Ranjan Sharma[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Manojit Bhattacharya[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Rudra P Saha[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Sanmitra Ghosh[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Soham Biswas[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Saikat Samanta[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Garima Sharma[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Govindasamy Agoramoorthy[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Sang-Soo Lee[SUP] 7 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 33497837
- PMCID: PMC7826164
- DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104729
Abstract
In recent years, a total of seven human pathogenic coronaviruses (HCoVs) strains were identified, i.e., SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-HKU1. Here, we performed an analysis of the protease recognition sites and antigenic variation of the S-protein of these HCoVs. We showed tissue-specific expression pattern, functions, and a number of recognition sites of proteases in S-proteins from seven strains of HCoVs. In the case of SARS-CoV-2, we found two new protease recognition sites, each of calpain-2, pepsin-A, and caspase-8, and one new protease recognition site each of caspase-6, caspase-3, and furin. Our antigenic mapping study of the S-protein of these HCoVs showed that the SARS-CoV-2 virus strain has the most potent antigenic epitopes (highest antigenicity score with maximum numbers of epitope regions). Additionally, the other six strains of HCoVs show common antigenic epitopes (both B-cell and T-cell), with low antigenicity scores compared to SARS-CoV-2. We suggest that the molecular evolution of structural proteins of human CoV can be classified, such as (i) HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-229E, (ii) SARS-CoV-2, and SARS-CoV and (iii) HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-HKU1. In conclusion, we can presume that our study might help to prepare the interventions for the possible HCoVs outbreaks in the future.
Keywords: Antigenic variation; Human coronavirus; Molecular phylogenetics; Protease recognition sites; S-protein.