tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Journal of Infection
Article in Press, Accepted Manuscript - Note to users
doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2011.07.015 | How to Cite or Link Using DOI
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Impact of pandemic a/h1n1/2009 influenza on children and their families: Comparison with seasonal a/h1n1 and a/h3n2 influenza viruses
Susanna Esposito1, Claudio Giuseppe Molteni1, Cristina Daleno1, Claudia Tagliabue1, Irene Picciolli1, Alessia Scala1, Claudio Pelucchi2, Emilio Fossali1 and Nicola Principi1, Corresponding Author Contact Information, E-mail The Corresponding Author
1 Department of Maternal and Pediatric Sciences, Universit? degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca? Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
2 Department of Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
Accepted 29 July 2011.
Available online 3 August 2011.
Summary
Objectives
To make a direct comparison between the total burden of pandemic influenza and that of other seasonal influenza A viral subtypes in otherwise healthy children.
Methods
The total clinical and socioeconomic burden of pandemic A/H1N1/2009 influenza was compared with that of seasonal influenza A viral subtypes in 389 otherwise healthy children with A/H1N1/2009, 126 with seasonal A/H1N1 and 486 with seasonal A/H3N2 infection referred to the Emergency Room and hospitalised in the in-patient units of a large, university-based pediatric hospital. Influenza diagnosis was confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction.
Results
Regardless of age or gender, the variables significantly associated with pandemic A/H1N1/2009 and seasonal A/H3N2 infection were a diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infection upon clinical presentation, the need for hospitalisation, hospitalisation for ≥7 days, school absences of ≥7 days, the need for aerosol therapy, the household development of a disease similar to that of the infected child, and the need for additional household medical visits and antibiotic prescriptions (p<0.001). A longer period of hospitalisation and lost school days seemed to be associated with pandemic A/H1N1/2009 infection (p<0.01).
Conclusions
Perceived symptom severity and the risk of serious outcomes are similar in children with influenza due to pandemic A/H1N1/2009 or seasonal A/H3N2 influenza, but both of these viruses seem to have a greater clinical and socioeconomic impact than seasonal A/H1N1 virus, regardless of the patients? age or gender.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016344531100435X
Article in Press, Accepted Manuscript - Note to users
doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2011.07.015 | How to Cite or Link Using DOI
Permissions & Reprints
Impact of pandemic a/h1n1/2009 influenza on children and their families: Comparison with seasonal a/h1n1 and a/h3n2 influenza viruses
Susanna Esposito1, Claudio Giuseppe Molteni1, Cristina Daleno1, Claudia Tagliabue1, Irene Picciolli1, Alessia Scala1, Claudio Pelucchi2, Emilio Fossali1 and Nicola Principi1, Corresponding Author Contact Information, E-mail The Corresponding Author
1 Department of Maternal and Pediatric Sciences, Universit? degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca? Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
2 Department of Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
Accepted 29 July 2011.
Available online 3 August 2011.
Summary
Objectives
To make a direct comparison between the total burden of pandemic influenza and that of other seasonal influenza A viral subtypes in otherwise healthy children.
Methods
The total clinical and socioeconomic burden of pandemic A/H1N1/2009 influenza was compared with that of seasonal influenza A viral subtypes in 389 otherwise healthy children with A/H1N1/2009, 126 with seasonal A/H1N1 and 486 with seasonal A/H3N2 infection referred to the Emergency Room and hospitalised in the in-patient units of a large, university-based pediatric hospital. Influenza diagnosis was confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction.
Results
Regardless of age or gender, the variables significantly associated with pandemic A/H1N1/2009 and seasonal A/H3N2 infection were a diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infection upon clinical presentation, the need for hospitalisation, hospitalisation for ≥7 days, school absences of ≥7 days, the need for aerosol therapy, the household development of a disease similar to that of the infected child, and the need for additional household medical visits and antibiotic prescriptions (p<0.001). A longer period of hospitalisation and lost school days seemed to be associated with pandemic A/H1N1/2009 infection (p<0.01).
Conclusions
Perceived symptom severity and the risk of serious outcomes are similar in children with influenza due to pandemic A/H1N1/2009 or seasonal A/H3N2 influenza, but both of these viruses seem to have a greater clinical and socioeconomic impact than seasonal A/H1N1 virus, regardless of the patients? age or gender.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016344531100435X