tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Hum Vaccin Immunother
. 2024 Dec 31;20(1):2384192.
doi: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2384192. Epub 2024 Aug 16. Immune imprinting: The persisting influence of the first antigenic encounter with rapidly evolving viruses
Mariam Maltseva[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Alexa Keeshan[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Curtis Cooper[SUP] 2 3 4 5 [/SUP], Marc-André Langlois[SUP] 1 6 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Immune imprinting is a phenomenon that stems from the fundamentals of immunological memory. Upon recurrent exposures to an evolving pathogen, the immune system must weigh the benefits of rapidly recalling established antibody repertoires with greater affinity to the initial variant or invest additional time and energy in producing de novo responses specific to the emerging variant. In this review, we delve into the mechanistic complexities of immune imprinting and its role in shaping subsequent immune responses, both de novo and recall, against rapidly evolving respiratory viruses such as influenza and coronaviruses. By exploring the duality of immune imprinting, we examine its potential to both enhance or hinder immune protection against disease, while emphasizing the role of host and viral factors. Finally, we explore how different vaccine platforms may affect immune imprinting and comment on vaccine strategies that can favor de novo variant-specific antibody responses.
Keywords: Original antigenic sin; SARS-CoV-2; antibody feedback; antigenic seniority; coronaviruses; immune imprinting; influenza.
. 2024 Dec 31;20(1):2384192.
doi: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2384192. Epub 2024 Aug 16. Immune imprinting: The persisting influence of the first antigenic encounter with rapidly evolving viruses
Mariam Maltseva[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Alexa Keeshan[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Curtis Cooper[SUP] 2 3 4 5 [/SUP], Marc-André Langlois[SUP] 1 6 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 39149872
- DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2384192
Immune imprinting is a phenomenon that stems from the fundamentals of immunological memory. Upon recurrent exposures to an evolving pathogen, the immune system must weigh the benefits of rapidly recalling established antibody repertoires with greater affinity to the initial variant or invest additional time and energy in producing de novo responses specific to the emerging variant. In this review, we delve into the mechanistic complexities of immune imprinting and its role in shaping subsequent immune responses, both de novo and recall, against rapidly evolving respiratory viruses such as influenza and coronaviruses. By exploring the duality of immune imprinting, we examine its potential to both enhance or hinder immune protection against disease, while emphasizing the role of host and viral factors. Finally, we explore how different vaccine platforms may affect immune imprinting and comment on vaccine strategies that can favor de novo variant-specific antibody responses.
Keywords: Original antigenic sin; SARS-CoV-2; antibody feedback; antigenic seniority; coronaviruses; immune imprinting; influenza.