ROSENOW EC. FURTHER STUDIES ON THE ETIOLOGY OF EPIDEMIC HICCUP (SINGULTUS) AND ITS RELATION TO ENCEPHALITIS. Arch NeurPsych. 1926;15(6):712-734. doi:10.1001/archneurpsyc.1926.02200240040004.
Epidemic hiccup, while usually considered lightly, is by no means always a trivial affliction. Patients having severe spasms for more than two days often suffer from physical exhaustion and weakness, out of proportion to the mild constitutional symptoms. Attacks of varying severity may last for weeks and even months. Fatal cases have been reported.1 Fortunately, however, the disastrous residuals of encephalitis apparently do not develop, although hiccup and other myoclonic spasms are not uncommon in cases of epidemic encephalitis.2 Sicard considers epidemic hiccup as a para-encephalitis.3 Since the pandemic of influenza in 1918, epidemics of hiccup have usually occurred in association with epidemics of encephalitis throughout most of the civilized world. Aronowicz 4 describes an epidemic of hiccup which occurred just preceding and during the early part of an epidemic of encephalitis in Petrograd in 1923. He mentions the reports of similar epidemics in different parts of
