tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Front Neurol
. 2022 Nov 10;13:1032830.
doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1032830. eCollection 2022.
Longitudinal SARS-CoV-2 humoral response in MS patients with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection prior to vaccination
Koos P J van Dam[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Laura Hogenboom[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Eileen W Stalman[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Laura Y L Kummer[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Maurice Steenhuis[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Jim B D Keijser[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Anja Ten Brinke[SUP] 3 [/SUP], S Marieke van Ham[SUP] 3 5 [/SUP], Taco W Kuijpers[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Theo Rispens[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Luuk Wieske[SUP] 1 7 [/SUP], Filip Eftimov[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Eva M Strijbis[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Joep Killestein[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Zoé L E van Kempen[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, certain disease modifying therapies (DMTs) used in multiple sclerosis (MS), such as anti-CD20 therapies, have been associated with decreased humoral responses after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Hybrid immunity, referring to immunity after both vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection might increase humoral responses.
Methods: This was a substudy of two prospective cohort studies on SARS-CoV-2 antibodies after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. RBD-specific IgG titers of patients with MS and healthy controls who had experienced SARS-CoV-2 infection prior to the first vaccination were compared with those patients and healthy controls without prior infection. Humoral responses were measured at various time points after SARS-CoV-2 infection in convalescent patients and all patients prior to the first vaccination, 28 days after the first vaccination, and 28 days after the second vaccination.
Results: One hundred and two individuals [of which 34 patients with MS and DMTs (natalizumab or ocrelizumab), 30 patients without DMTs, and 38 healthy controls] were included. Fifty one of these individuals were convalescent. Median SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers were higher after the first vaccination in convalescent individuals compared with individuals without infection prior to vaccination. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody titers were comparable after the second vaccination in patients with MS with and without prior infection. However, in the convalescent ocrelizumab-treated patients, SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers did not increase after vaccinations.
Conclusion: In patients with MS without anti-CD20 therapies, SARS-CoV-2 infection before vaccination increases humoral responses after the first vaccination, similar to the healthy controls. In patients with MS treated with ocrelizumab (convalescent and non-convalescent), humoral responses remained low.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; disease modifying treatment; humoral response; multiple sclerosis.
. 2022 Nov 10;13:1032830.
doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1032830. eCollection 2022.
Longitudinal SARS-CoV-2 humoral response in MS patients with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection prior to vaccination
Koos P J van Dam[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Laura Hogenboom[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Eileen W Stalman[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Laura Y L Kummer[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Maurice Steenhuis[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Jim B D Keijser[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Anja Ten Brinke[SUP] 3 [/SUP], S Marieke van Ham[SUP] 3 5 [/SUP], Taco W Kuijpers[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Theo Rispens[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Luuk Wieske[SUP] 1 7 [/SUP], Filip Eftimov[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Eva M Strijbis[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Joep Killestein[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Zoé L E van Kempen[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 36438945
- PMCID: PMC9686308
- DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1032830
Abstract
Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, certain disease modifying therapies (DMTs) used in multiple sclerosis (MS), such as anti-CD20 therapies, have been associated with decreased humoral responses after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Hybrid immunity, referring to immunity after both vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection might increase humoral responses.
Methods: This was a substudy of two prospective cohort studies on SARS-CoV-2 antibodies after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. RBD-specific IgG titers of patients with MS and healthy controls who had experienced SARS-CoV-2 infection prior to the first vaccination were compared with those patients and healthy controls without prior infection. Humoral responses were measured at various time points after SARS-CoV-2 infection in convalescent patients and all patients prior to the first vaccination, 28 days after the first vaccination, and 28 days after the second vaccination.
Results: One hundred and two individuals [of which 34 patients with MS and DMTs (natalizumab or ocrelizumab), 30 patients without DMTs, and 38 healthy controls] were included. Fifty one of these individuals were convalescent. Median SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers were higher after the first vaccination in convalescent individuals compared with individuals without infection prior to vaccination. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody titers were comparable after the second vaccination in patients with MS with and without prior infection. However, in the convalescent ocrelizumab-treated patients, SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers did not increase after vaccinations.
Conclusion: In patients with MS without anti-CD20 therapies, SARS-CoV-2 infection before vaccination increases humoral responses after the first vaccination, similar to the healthy controls. In patients with MS treated with ocrelizumab (convalescent and non-convalescent), humoral responses remained low.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; disease modifying treatment; humoral response; multiple sclerosis.