tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Front Immunol
. 2023 Jan 9;13:1035441.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1035441. eCollection 2022.
Six-month longitudinal immune kinetics after mRNA-1273 vaccination: Correlation of peak antibody response with long-term, cross-reactive immunity
Min Joo Choi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jung Yeon Heo[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Yu Bin Seo[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Young Kyung Yoon[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Jang Wook Sohn[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Ji Yun Noh[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Hee Jin Cheong[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Woo Joo Kim[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Ju-Yeon Choi[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Hwa Jung Kim[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Young Jae Lee[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Hye Won Lee[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Sung Soon Kim[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Byoungguk Kim[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Joon Young Song[SUP] 5 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Background: The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants and the persistence of the pandemic, even with mass coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination, have raised questions about the durability of immunity and extent of cross-reactive immunity after vaccination. This study aimed to characterize the humoral and cellular immune response to the mRNA-1273 vaccine using a prospective longitudinal cohort.
Methods: We recruited 177 young SARS-CoV-2 infection-naive adults. Two doses of mRNA-1273 vaccine were administered at 28-day intervals, and blood samples were collected at five time points: pre-vaccination (T0), 4 weeks after the first (T1) and second dose (T2), and 3 months (T3) and 6 months (T4) after the first dose. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (anti-S) IgG antibody, neutralizing antibody, and T-cell immune responses were evaluated.
Results: The two-dose mRNA-1273 vaccination induced robust anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses, which remained higher than the titers at T1 until T4. A higher peak anti-S antibody titer at T2 was associated with better cross-reactive immunity against Delta and Omicron variants and long-lasting (anti-S IgG and neutralizing antibody) humoral immunity up to T4. The overall T-cell immune response was not correlated with peak antibody titers (T-lymphocyte subpopulation analysis was not performed).
Conclusion: This study showed that an early strong antibody response is predictive of longer humoral immunity and better cross-reactive neutralizing immunity against Delta and Omicron variants.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 infection; cellular immunity; humoral immunity; mRNA-1273 vaccine.
. 2023 Jan 9;13:1035441.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1035441. eCollection 2022.
Six-month longitudinal immune kinetics after mRNA-1273 vaccination: Correlation of peak antibody response with long-term, cross-reactive immunity
Min Joo Choi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jung Yeon Heo[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Yu Bin Seo[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Young Kyung Yoon[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Jang Wook Sohn[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Ji Yun Noh[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Hee Jin Cheong[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Woo Joo Kim[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Ju-Yeon Choi[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Hwa Jung Kim[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Young Jae Lee[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Hye Won Lee[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Sung Soon Kim[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Byoungguk Kim[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Joon Young Song[SUP] 5 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 36700198
- PMCID: PMC9868900
- DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1035441
Abstract
Background: The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants and the persistence of the pandemic, even with mass coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination, have raised questions about the durability of immunity and extent of cross-reactive immunity after vaccination. This study aimed to characterize the humoral and cellular immune response to the mRNA-1273 vaccine using a prospective longitudinal cohort.
Methods: We recruited 177 young SARS-CoV-2 infection-naive adults. Two doses of mRNA-1273 vaccine were administered at 28-day intervals, and blood samples were collected at five time points: pre-vaccination (T0), 4 weeks after the first (T1) and second dose (T2), and 3 months (T3) and 6 months (T4) after the first dose. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (anti-S) IgG antibody, neutralizing antibody, and T-cell immune responses were evaluated.
Results: The two-dose mRNA-1273 vaccination induced robust anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses, which remained higher than the titers at T1 until T4. A higher peak anti-S antibody titer at T2 was associated with better cross-reactive immunity against Delta and Omicron variants and long-lasting (anti-S IgG and neutralizing antibody) humoral immunity up to T4. The overall T-cell immune response was not correlated with peak antibody titers (T-lymphocyte subpopulation analysis was not performed).
Conclusion: This study showed that an early strong antibody response is predictive of longer humoral immunity and better cross-reactive neutralizing immunity against Delta and Omicron variants.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 infection; cellular immunity; humoral immunity; mRNA-1273 vaccine.