tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Front Immunol
. 2022 Apr 22;13:844727.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.844727. eCollection 2022.
Memory CD4+ T-Cell Lymphocytic Angiopathy in Fatal Forms of COVID-19 Pulmonary Infection
Amélie Guihot[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Isabelle Plu[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Cathia Soulié[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Alice Rousseau[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Cecilia Nakid-Cordero[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Karim Dorgham[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Christophe Parizot[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Elena Litvinova[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Julien Mayaux[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Isabelle Malet[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Paul Quentric[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Béhazine Combadière[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Christophe Combadière[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Olivia Bonduelle[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Lucille Adam[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Pierre Rosenbaum[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Alexandra Beurton[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Patrice Hémon[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Patrice Debré[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Vincent Vieillard[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Brigitte Autran[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Danielle Seilhean[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Frédéric Charlotte[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Anne-Geneviève Marcelin[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Guy Gorochov[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Charles-Edouard Luyt[SUP] 8 9 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
The immunopathological pulmonary mechanisms leading to Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)-related death in adults remain poorly understood. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and peripheral blood sampling were performed in 74 steroid and non-steroid-treated intensive care unit (ICU) patients (23-75 years; 44 survivors). Peripheral effector SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells were detected in 34/58 cases, mainly directed against the S1 portion of the spike protein. The BAL lymphocytosis consisted of T cells, while the mean CD4/CD8 ratio was 1.80 in non-steroid- treated patients and 1.14 in steroid-treated patients. Moreover, strong BAL SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell responses were detected in 4/4 surviving and 3/3 non-surviving patients. Serum IFN-γ and IL-6 levels were decreased in steroid-treated patients when compared to non-steroid treated patients. In the lung samples from 3 (1 non-ICU and 2 ICU) additional deceased cases, a lymphocytic memory CD4 T-cell angiopathy colocalizing with SARS-CoV-2 was also observed. Taken together, these data show that disease severity occurs despite strong antiviral CD4 T cell-specific responses migrating to the lung, which could suggest a pathogenic role for perivascular memory CD4 T cells upon fatal COVID-19 pneumonia.
Keywords: Autopsia; Broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL); COVID-19; T cell responses; Vasculitis.
. 2022 Apr 22;13:844727.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.844727. eCollection 2022.
Memory CD4+ T-Cell Lymphocytic Angiopathy in Fatal Forms of COVID-19 Pulmonary Infection
Amélie Guihot[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Isabelle Plu[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Cathia Soulié[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Alice Rousseau[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Cecilia Nakid-Cordero[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Karim Dorgham[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Christophe Parizot[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Elena Litvinova[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Julien Mayaux[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Isabelle Malet[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Paul Quentric[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Béhazine Combadière[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Christophe Combadière[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Olivia Bonduelle[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Lucille Adam[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Pierre Rosenbaum[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Alexandra Beurton[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Patrice Hémon[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Patrice Debré[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Vincent Vieillard[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Brigitte Autran[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Danielle Seilhean[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Frédéric Charlotte[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Anne-Geneviève Marcelin[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Guy Gorochov[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Charles-Edouard Luyt[SUP] 8 9 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35529881
- PMCID: PMC9074842
- DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.844727
Abstract
The immunopathological pulmonary mechanisms leading to Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)-related death in adults remain poorly understood. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and peripheral blood sampling were performed in 74 steroid and non-steroid-treated intensive care unit (ICU) patients (23-75 years; 44 survivors). Peripheral effector SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells were detected in 34/58 cases, mainly directed against the S1 portion of the spike protein. The BAL lymphocytosis consisted of T cells, while the mean CD4/CD8 ratio was 1.80 in non-steroid- treated patients and 1.14 in steroid-treated patients. Moreover, strong BAL SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell responses were detected in 4/4 surviving and 3/3 non-surviving patients. Serum IFN-γ and IL-6 levels were decreased in steroid-treated patients when compared to non-steroid treated patients. In the lung samples from 3 (1 non-ICU and 2 ICU) additional deceased cases, a lymphocytic memory CD4 T-cell angiopathy colocalizing with SARS-CoV-2 was also observed. Taken together, these data show that disease severity occurs despite strong antiviral CD4 T cell-specific responses migrating to the lung, which could suggest a pathogenic role for perivascular memory CD4 T cells upon fatal COVID-19 pneumonia.
Keywords: Autopsia; Broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL); COVID-19; T cell responses; Vasculitis.