tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Front Immunol
. 2025 May 19:16:1565934.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1565934. eCollection 2025. Addressing SARS-CoV-2 evolution: neutralization of emerging variants of concern by the AVX/COVID-12 'Patria' vaccine based on HexaPro-S ancestral Wuhan spike or its updated BA.2.75.2 version
Gregorio Carballo-Uicab[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Gabriela Mellado-Sánchez[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Edith González-González[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Juana Salinas-Trujano[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Ivette Mendoza-Salazar[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Karina López-Olvera[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Keyla M Gómez-Castellano[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Ma Isabel Salazar[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Jesús M Torres-Flores[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Héctor Elías Chagoya-Cortés[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Georgina Paz-De la Rosa[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Ignacio Mena[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Oscar Rojas-Martínez[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Jesús Horacio Lara-Puente[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Gustavo Javier Peralta-Sánchez[SUP] 6 [/SUP], David Sarfati-Mizrahi[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Alejandro Torres-Flores[SUP] 3 7 [/SUP], Weina Sun[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Florian Krammer[SUP] 8 9 10 11 [/SUP], Adolfo García-Sastre[SUP] 8 9 12 13 14 15 [/SUP], Peter Palese[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Constantino López-Macías[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Bernardo Lozano-Dubernard[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Sonia M Pérez-Tapia[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Juan C Almagro[SUP] 1 2 16 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains a global health challenge, causing severe morbidity and mortality, particularly in vulnerable groups such as the elderly, immunocompromised individuals, and those with comorbidities. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), vaccine access is hindered by high costs and inequitable distribution. To tackle these issues, Mexico developed the AVX/COVID-12 (V-Wu) vaccine, a recombinant Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-based platform expressing a stabilized ancestral Wuhan spike protein (HexaPro-S). Locally manufactured after rigorous testing and regulatory approval, V-Wu aims to enhance self-sufficiency and equity in immunization.
Methods: This study evaluates an updated vaccine version, AVX/COVID-12 (V-BA), designed to combat Omicron subvariants by expressing the HexaPro-S protein of BA.2.75.2. Both vaccines were administered intramuscularly in K18-hACE2 transgenic and BALB/c mouse models using a prime-boost regimen. Immunogenicity was analyzed by measuring antibodies against Omicron S proteins BA.2.75.2 and XBB.1.5, as well as neutralizing antibodies against Wuhan, BA.1, XBB.1.16, and JN.1 variants.
Results: Both vaccines were safe, eliciting robust antibody responses against Omicron S proteins and neutralizing antibodies against multiple emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs). V-BA demonstrated superior protection against current Omicron variants, while V-Wu offered broader coverage, including the ancestral Wuhan strain and emerging variants like JN.1.
Discussion: These findings underscore the adaptability of NDV-based platforms in addressing the evolving SARS-CoV-2 landscape and reaffirm the ongoing utility of the ancestral Patria vaccine. Together, they demonstrate the potential of these platforms to drive the development of next-generation vaccines tailored to emerging viral threats, contributing to global health equity.
Keywords: AVX/COVID-12; COVID-19; Newcastle disease virus-based vaccines; Omicron BA.1; Omicron JN.1; Omicron XBB.1.16; Wuhan strain; neutralizing antibodies.
. 2025 May 19:16:1565934.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1565934. eCollection 2025. Addressing SARS-CoV-2 evolution: neutralization of emerging variants of concern by the AVX/COVID-12 'Patria' vaccine based on HexaPro-S ancestral Wuhan spike or its updated BA.2.75.2 version
Gregorio Carballo-Uicab[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Gabriela Mellado-Sánchez[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Edith González-González[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Juana Salinas-Trujano[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Ivette Mendoza-Salazar[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Karina López-Olvera[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Keyla M Gómez-Castellano[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Ma Isabel Salazar[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Jesús M Torres-Flores[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Héctor Elías Chagoya-Cortés[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Georgina Paz-De la Rosa[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Ignacio Mena[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Oscar Rojas-Martínez[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Jesús Horacio Lara-Puente[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Gustavo Javier Peralta-Sánchez[SUP] 6 [/SUP], David Sarfati-Mizrahi[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Alejandro Torres-Flores[SUP] 3 7 [/SUP], Weina Sun[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Florian Krammer[SUP] 8 9 10 11 [/SUP], Adolfo García-Sastre[SUP] 8 9 12 13 14 15 [/SUP], Peter Palese[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Constantino López-Macías[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Bernardo Lozano-Dubernard[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Sonia M Pérez-Tapia[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Juan C Almagro[SUP] 1 2 16 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 40458417
- PMCID: PMC12127416
- DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1565934
Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains a global health challenge, causing severe morbidity and mortality, particularly in vulnerable groups such as the elderly, immunocompromised individuals, and those with comorbidities. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), vaccine access is hindered by high costs and inequitable distribution. To tackle these issues, Mexico developed the AVX/COVID-12 (V-Wu) vaccine, a recombinant Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-based platform expressing a stabilized ancestral Wuhan spike protein (HexaPro-S). Locally manufactured after rigorous testing and regulatory approval, V-Wu aims to enhance self-sufficiency and equity in immunization.
Methods: This study evaluates an updated vaccine version, AVX/COVID-12 (V-BA), designed to combat Omicron subvariants by expressing the HexaPro-S protein of BA.2.75.2. Both vaccines were administered intramuscularly in K18-hACE2 transgenic and BALB/c mouse models using a prime-boost regimen. Immunogenicity was analyzed by measuring antibodies against Omicron S proteins BA.2.75.2 and XBB.1.5, as well as neutralizing antibodies against Wuhan, BA.1, XBB.1.16, and JN.1 variants.
Results: Both vaccines were safe, eliciting robust antibody responses against Omicron S proteins and neutralizing antibodies against multiple emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs). V-BA demonstrated superior protection against current Omicron variants, while V-Wu offered broader coverage, including the ancestral Wuhan strain and emerging variants like JN.1.
Discussion: These findings underscore the adaptability of NDV-based platforms in addressing the evolving SARS-CoV-2 landscape and reaffirm the ongoing utility of the ancestral Patria vaccine. Together, they demonstrate the potential of these platforms to drive the development of next-generation vaccines tailored to emerging viral threats, contributing to global health equity.
Keywords: AVX/COVID-12; COVID-19; Newcastle disease virus-based vaccines; Omicron BA.1; Omicron JN.1; Omicron XBB.1.16; Wuhan strain; neutralizing antibodies.