tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Front Immunol
. 2024 Dec 17:15:1486352.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1486352. eCollection 2024. A comprehensive immune repertoire signature distinguishes pulmonary infiltration in SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection
Xuechuan Li[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 [/SUP], Hongyi Zhu[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 [/SUP], Peipei Xu[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jie Zhang[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 [/SUP], Zhe Wang[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Hui He[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Fang Shen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yi Jiang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Lijuan Shen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jing Xiang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Linhua Yang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Chao Yang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Hao Jiang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ganglong Gao[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Junshuo Jin[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Huojian Shen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yinping Wang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Linshi Wu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Changlin Qian[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Dejun Liu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Weiqing Qiu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Qiwei Li[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yuanwen Chen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fujun Lin[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Yun Liu[SUP] 5 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic has been the most severe public health emergency since 2019. Currently, the Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been the most dominant. The most prominent symptom of SARS-CoV-2 infection is respiratory. Meanwhile, the fatality of COVID-19 was mainly from pneumonia. However ,in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection who have pneumonia and those who do not, the differences in the immune repertoire still require further investigation.
Methods: We conducted seven-chain adaptome immune repertoire analyses on patients with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection, both with and without pulmonary infiltration.
Results: Patients with pulmonary infiltration exhibit lymphopenia, a decreased proportion of the overall TCR repertoire alongside an increased BCR repertoire, reduced IGHD and IGHM isotype expression, a shorter mean CDR3 length for TRG, and a longer mean length for TRD, as well as diminished clonality and diversity in the TCR/BCR repertoire. Meanwhile, patients with pulmonary infiltration have distinct V-J gene usage and unique CDR3 signature, as well as BCR class switch recombination pattern. Finally, prior vaccination triggered less BCR IGHM/IGHD somatic hypermutation response, preserved the diversity of the entire adaptive immune repertoire, and provided clinical protection against severe or critical conditions following Omicron infection.
Discussion: We report a unique, comprehensive adaptive immune system signature in patients with pulmonary infiltration, which may serve as potential immunological biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant; TCR; immune repertoire; vaccine.
. 2024 Dec 17:15:1486352.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1486352. eCollection 2024. A comprehensive immune repertoire signature distinguishes pulmonary infiltration in SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection
Xuechuan Li[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 [/SUP], Hongyi Zhu[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 [/SUP], Peipei Xu[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jie Zhang[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 [/SUP], Zhe Wang[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Hui He[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Fang Shen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yi Jiang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Lijuan Shen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jing Xiang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Linhua Yang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Chao Yang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Hao Jiang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ganglong Gao[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Junshuo Jin[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Huojian Shen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yinping Wang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Linshi Wu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Changlin Qian[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Dejun Liu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Weiqing Qiu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Qiwei Li[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yuanwen Chen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fujun Lin[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Yun Liu[SUP] 5 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 39742285
- PMCID: PMC11685115
- DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1486352
Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic has been the most severe public health emergency since 2019. Currently, the Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been the most dominant. The most prominent symptom of SARS-CoV-2 infection is respiratory. Meanwhile, the fatality of COVID-19 was mainly from pneumonia. However ,in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection who have pneumonia and those who do not, the differences in the immune repertoire still require further investigation.
Methods: We conducted seven-chain adaptome immune repertoire analyses on patients with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection, both with and without pulmonary infiltration.
Results: Patients with pulmonary infiltration exhibit lymphopenia, a decreased proportion of the overall TCR repertoire alongside an increased BCR repertoire, reduced IGHD and IGHM isotype expression, a shorter mean CDR3 length for TRG, and a longer mean length for TRD, as well as diminished clonality and diversity in the TCR/BCR repertoire. Meanwhile, patients with pulmonary infiltration have distinct V-J gene usage and unique CDR3 signature, as well as BCR class switch recombination pattern. Finally, prior vaccination triggered less BCR IGHM/IGHD somatic hypermutation response, preserved the diversity of the entire adaptive immune repertoire, and provided clinical protection against severe or critical conditions following Omicron infection.
Discussion: We report a unique, comprehensive adaptive immune system signature in patients with pulmonary infiltration, which may serve as potential immunological biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant; TCR; immune repertoire; vaccine.