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From chikungunya.net english version following

Snowy Owl

Snowy Owl

Retired in 2010, In Memoriam
<TABLE style="BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(216,238,249) 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 4px; BORDER-TOP: rgb(216,238,249) 1px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 4px; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(216,238,249) 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(216,238,249) 1px solid; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" height=1569 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2 width=800 border=0><TBODY><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px ridge; PADDING-RIGHT: 4px; BORDER-TOP: 1px ridge; PADDING-LEFT: 4px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1px; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px ridge; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; PADDING-TOP: 1px; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px ridge" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=800 bgColor=#c0c0c0 colSpan=2 height=15>

</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(0,128,128) 1px solid" vAlign=bottom borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=23>Origin </TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(0,128,128); BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=28>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(0,128,128); BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=28>Insulated by RW ROSS, Entebbe (Uganda), starting from a sanquin taking away carried out in Liteho (Tanzania) on February 22, 1953 on a man presenting fever and arthralgie.</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>Family</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Togaviridae</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>Genre</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Alphavirus (group A of the arboviruses)</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=16>Virus</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=50>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=50>Spherical virion, wrapped, of 60-70 Nm diameter, to ARN monocaténaire of positive polarity. Very near to the viruses to Mayaro, O' Nyong Nyong and Semliki, it is classified under the Chikungunya type which means in swahili "gone curved".</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>Viability</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Sensitivity to the drugs: no antiviral agent available to date. </TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=34>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=34>Sensitivity to disinfecting: sensitive to the ethanol à.70%, the sodium hypochlorite with 1% with the glutaraldehyde with 2%, solvents of the lipids.

</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=53>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=53>Inactivated by dry or wet heat 58°C; sensitive to the dessication (dehumidification). </TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px ridge; PADDING-RIGHT: 4px; BORDER-TOP: 1px ridge; PADDING-LEFT: 4px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1px; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px ridge; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; PADDING-TOP: 1px; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px ridge" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=800 bgColor=#c0c0c0 colSpan=2 height=19>

</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=bottom borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=26>Geographical distribution</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, and since 2005, the Indian Ocean </TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>Infected species</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Humans

</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>The mammals (chimpanzee, certain domestic animals), reptiles, birds.</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Mosquitos (Anopheles, Aedes, Culex, Mansonia, Eretmapodites, Coquillettidia)</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>Transmissibility</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=34>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=34>Transmissibility Man: no confirmed case of transmission person to person, but of the cases of transmission intra-Uterian and breastfeeding (of the mother to the child) was noted in the Island of La Réunion

</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=31>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=31>Animal: primarily the mosquito, family of the AEDES (aegypti, albopictus, polynesians)</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px ridge; PADDING-RIGHT: 4px; BORDER-TOP: 1px ridge; PADDING-LEFT: 4px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1px; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px ridge; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; PADDING-TOP: 1px; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px ridge" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=800 bgColor=#c0c0c0 colSpan=2 height=17>

</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none" vAlign=bottom borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=21>Description</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=33>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=33>Incubation 4 to 7 days. Brutal appearance of a feverish episode during 2 to 5 days with strong fever (39°) and frontal cephalgias (headaches) intense</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>Symptôms</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Arthralgia (articular pain) localised with the shoulders, knees, ankles, handles, and small articulations</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Myalgia (muscular pain)</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Cutaneous Eruption (face, trunk, root of the members)</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=34>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=34>Other possible symptoms: small haemorrhages, nauseas, vomiting, diarrhoea, respiratory obstruction</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>Virémy</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=34>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=34>It is the period during which the infested person is carrying the virus, is 5 to 14 days after the first puncture. For this period, the patient must even protect himself to be isolated from possible news punctures from mosquitos which it could contaminated thus involving the chain reaction of the epidemic.</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>Treatment</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=34>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=34>None, One recommends the rest and the administration of salicylated (anti-inflammatory drug). The aspirin however is disadvised in the event of hemorrhages.</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>Convalescence</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=50>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=50>The period of convalescence depends on the individuals. It can vary few days at several weeks, with an asthenia (tiredness) intense and an impossibility of intellectual concentration. The arthralgies (muscular pains) can persist during three months, even several years.</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>Immunisation</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>No vaccine is available to date. The complete sequencing of the viral genome chik started in the National Center of reference of the arboviroses of Lyon. This step will have amongst other things to detect a possible change of the virus. Possible anti Vaccines - arboviroses ADN (or ARN?) could then be considered later on: for that of the chik, the feasibility study is in hand but the production times are not known, that will be probably long.</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>Lethality</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=81>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=81>Several certificates of deaths which have occurred in January 2006 mention the chikungunya like which has been able to contribute to the death. These certificates concern, for the largest majority of them, of the old people presenting of chronic pathologies under unclaimed but also that of a 10 year old child before in good health and of a new-born baby directly contaminated by his mother.</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px ridge; PADDING-RIGHT: 4px; BORDER-TOP: 1px ridge; PADDING-LEFT: 4px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1px; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px ridge; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; PADDING-TOP: 1px; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px ridge" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=800 bgColor=#c0c0c0 colSpan=2 height=18>

</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=bottom borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=21>In infected zones

</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Reduction of the number of larval lodgings per application of larvicides treatment

</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Waste disposal retaining water (containers, tires, vases...)</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Air insecticide spreading with very low

</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Introduction volume of agents of biological fight like Bacillus thuringiensis</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>In uninfected zones

</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>prohibit the introduction of animals coming from the infected zones</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>In Humankind

</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Use of repellant against vectors (spray, cream, gel, insecticides ...)</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Specifics for Houses (screens)</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>

</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=800 bgColor=#ffffff colSpan=2 height=32>

</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=800 colSpan=2 height=17>

</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top width=800 colSpan=2 height=17>

</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none" vAlign=top align=middle width=810 bgColor=#008080 colSpan=2 height=12>

</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><!-- / message --><!-- sig -->__________________
"Cure rarely, Comfort mostly, but Console always''. Hippocrates<!-- / message --> <!-- sig -->__________________
"Cure rarely, Comfort mostly, but Console always''. Hippocrates


<TABLE style="BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(216,238,249) 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 4px; BORDER-TOP: rgb(216,238,249) 1px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 4px; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(216,238,249) 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(216,238,249) 1px solid; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" height=1569 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2 width=800 border=0><TBODY><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px ridge; PADDING-RIGHT: 4px; BORDER-TOP: 1px ridge; PADDING-LEFT: 4px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1px; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px ridge; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; PADDING-TOP: 1px; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px ridge" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=800 bgColor=#c0c0c0 colSpan=3 height=15>
IDENTIFICATION​


</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: medium none; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none" vAlign=bottom borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=23></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(0,128,128) 1px solid" vAlign=bottom borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=23>Origine </TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=29></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(0,128,128); BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=28></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(0,128,128); BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=28>Isolé par RW ROSS, Entebbe (Ouganda), à partir d’un prélèvement sanquin effectué au Liteho (Tanzanie) le 22 février 1953 sur un homme présentant fièvre et arthralgie.</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: medium none; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=17>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>Famille</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Togaviridae</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=18>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>Genre</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Alphavirus (groupe A des arbovirus)</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=16>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=16>Virus</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=50></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=50></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=50>Virion sphérique, enveloppé, de 60-70 nm de diamètre, à ARN monocaténaire de polarité positive. Très proche des virus de Mayaro, O'Nyong Nyong et Semliki, il est classé sous le type Chikungunya qui signifie en swahili "marché courbé".</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=18>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>Viabilité</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Sensibilité aux médicaments : aucun agent antiviral disponible à ce jour</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=34></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=34></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=34>Sensibilité aux désinfectants : sensible à l'éthanol à 70%, à l'hypochlorite de sodium à 1% au glutaraldéhyde à 2%, aux solvants des lipides</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=53></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=53></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=53>Inactivation par des moyens physiques : inactivé par la chaleur sèche ou humide > 58°C ; sensible à la dessication (déshumidification).</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px ridge; PADDING-RIGHT: 4px; BORDER-TOP: 1px ridge; PADDING-LEFT: 4px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1px; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px ridge; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; PADDING-TOP: 1px; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px ridge" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=800 bgColor=#c0c0c0 colSpan=3 height=19>
EPIDEMIOLOGIE​


</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=bottom borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=26></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=bottom borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=26>Répartition géographique</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>L'Afrique sub-saharienne, l'Asie du Sud-Est, et depuis 2005, l'océan indien.

</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=18>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>Espèces infectées </TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>L'homme</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Les mammifères (chimpanzé, certains animaux domestiques), les reptiles, les oiseaux</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Les moustiques (Anopheles, Aedes, Culex, Mansonia, Eretmapodites, Coquillettidia)</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=18>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>Transmissibilité</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=34></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=34></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=34>Homme : aucun cas confirmé de transmission de personne à personne, mais des cas de transmission materno-fœtale (de la mère à l'enfant) ont été constatés à l'Ile de La Réunion</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=31></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=31></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=31>Animal : essentiellement le moustique, famille des AEDES (aegypti, albopictus, polynesiens)</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px ridge; PADDING-RIGHT: 4px; BORDER-TOP: 1px ridge; PADDING-LEFT: 4px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1px; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px ridge; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; PADDING-TOP: 1px; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px ridge" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=800 bgColor=#c0c0c0 colSpan=3 height=17>
MALADIE​


</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=bottom borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none" vAlign=bottom borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=21>Description</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=34></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=33></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=33>Incubation 4 à 7 jours. Apparition brutale d'un épisode fébrile durant 2 à 5 jours avec de forte fièvre (> 39°) et des céphalées frontales (maux de tête) intenses</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=18>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>Symptômes caractéristiques</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Arthralgie (douleur articulaire) localisée aux épaules, genoux, chevilles, poignées, et petites articulations</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Myalgie (douleur musculaire)</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Eruption cutanée (visage, tronc, racine des membres)</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=34></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=34></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=34>Autres symptômes possibles : petites hémorragies, nausées, vomissement, diarrhée, encombrement respiratoire</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=18>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>Virémie</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=34></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=34></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=34>C'est la période pendant laquelle la personne infestée est porteuse du virus, soit de 5 à 14 jours après la première piqûre. Pendant cette période, le malade doit se protéger voire être isolée d'éventuelles nouvelles piqûres de moustiques qu'elle pourrait contaminée entraînant ainsi la réaction en chaîne de l'épidémie.</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=18>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>Traitement</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=34></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=34></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=34>Aucun. On préconise le repos et l'administration de salicylées (anti-inflammatoire). L'aspirine est toutefois déconseillée en cas d'hémorragies.</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=18>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>Convalescence</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=50></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=50></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=50>La période de convalescence dépend des individus. Elle peut varier de quelques jours à plusieurs semaines, avec une asthénie (fatigue) intense et une impossibilité de concentration intellectuelle. Les arthralgies (douleurs musculaires) peuvent persister durant trois mois, voire plusieurs années.</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=18>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>Immunisation</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Aucun vaccin n'est disponible à ce jour. [FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica][FONT=Tahoma, sans-serif]Le séquençage complet du génome viral chik a commencé au Centre National de référence des arboviroses de Lyon. Cette démarche devra entre autre déceler une éventuelle mutation du virus. Des possibles Vaccins anti - arboviroses ADN (ou ARN ?) pourraient être alors ultérieurement envisagés : pour celui du chik, l'étude de la faisabilité est en cours mais les délais d'obtention ne sont pas connus, cela sera probablement long.[/FONT][/FONT]</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=18>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>Létalité</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=81></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=81></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=81>[FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica]Plusieurs certificats de décès survenus en janvier 2006 mentionnent le chikungunya comme ayant pu contribuer au décès. Ces certificats concernent, pour la plus grande majorité d’entre eux, des personnes âgées présentant des pathologies chroniques sous jacentes mais également celui d'un enfant de 10 ans auparavant en bonne santé et d'un nouveau-né directement contaminé par sa mère.[/FONT]</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px ridge; PADDING-RIGHT: 4px; BORDER-TOP: 1px ridge; PADDING-LEFT: 4px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1px; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px ridge; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; PADDING-TOP: 1px; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px ridge" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=800 bgColor=#c0c0c0 colSpan=3 height=18>
PREVENTION​


</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=bottom borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=bottom borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=21>En zone infectée</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Réduction du nombre de gîtes larvaires par application de traitement larvicides</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Elimination des déchets urbains retenant l'eau (récipients, pneus, vases, ...)</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Epandage aérien d'insecticides à très bas volume</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Introduction d'agents de lutte biologique comme Bacillus thuringiensis</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=18>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>En zone indemne</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Interdire l'introduction d'animaux en provenance des zones infectées</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=18>

</TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=769 colSpan=2 height=18>Chez l'homme</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Utilisation de répulsif contre les vecteurs (spray, crême, gel, insecticides ...)</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21>Aménagement des maisons (moustiquaires)</TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=31 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=27 height=21></TD><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 align=left width=742 height=21></TD></TR><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt; WORD-SPACING: 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid" vAlign=top borderColor=#d8eef9 width=800 bgColor=#ffffff colSpan=3 height=32>Les informations ci-dessus ont été synthétisées à partir des observations effectuées à l'île de La Réunion et des données recueillies auprès du CNRS, de l'Institut Pasteur et de l'Agence de Santé Publique du Canada.
Elles sont valables au moment de leur édition et susceptibles de modification en fonction des observations et recherches actuellement en cours.

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