tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Exp Lung Res
. 2024;50(1):118-126.
doi: 10.1080/01902148.2024.2346320. Epub 2024 Apr 29. Treatment with inhaled aerosolised ethanol reduces viral load and potentiates macrophage responses in an established influenza mouse model
David G Hancock[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Luke Berry[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Naomi M Scott[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Kyle T Mincham[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], William Ditcham[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Alexander N Larcombe[SUP] 2 4 [/SUP], Barry Clements[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Aim: Treatment options for viral lung infections are currently limited. We aimed to explore the safety and efficacy of inhaled ethanol in an influenza-infection mouse model.
Materials and methods: In a safety and tolerability experiment, 80 healthy female BALB/c mice (20 per group) were exposed to nebulized saline (control) or three concentrations of ethanol (40/60/80% ethanol v/v in water) for 3x30-minute periods, with a two-hour break between exposures. In a separate subsequent experiment, 40 Female BALB/c mice were nasally inoculated with 10[SUP]4.5[/SUP] plaque-forming units of immediate virulence "Mem71" influenza. Infection was established for 48-h before commencing treatment in 4 groups of 10 mice with either nebulized saline (control) or one of 3 different concentrations of ethanol (40/60/80% ethanol v/v in water) for 3x30-minute periods daily over three consecutive days. In both experiments, mouse behavior, clinical scores, weight change, bronchoalveolar lavage cell viability, cellular composition, and cytokine levels, were assessed 24-h following the final exposure, with viral load also assessed after the second experiment.
Results: In uninfected BALB/c mice, 3x30-minute exposures to nebulized 40%, 60%, and 80% ethanol resulted in no significant differences in mouse weights, cell counts/viability, cytokines, or morphometry measures. In Mem71-influenza infected mice, we observed a dose-dependent reduction in viral load in the 80%-treated group and potentiation of macrophage numbers in the 60%- and 80%-treated groups, with no safety concerns.
Conclusions: Our data provides support for inhaled ethanol as a candidate treatment for respiratory infections.
Keywords: Ethanol; influenza; inhalation treatment; respiratory infection; toxicology.
. 2024;50(1):118-126.
doi: 10.1080/01902148.2024.2346320. Epub 2024 Apr 29. Treatment with inhaled aerosolised ethanol reduces viral load and potentiates macrophage responses in an established influenza mouse model
David G Hancock[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Luke Berry[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Naomi M Scott[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Kyle T Mincham[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], William Ditcham[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Alexander N Larcombe[SUP] 2 4 [/SUP], Barry Clements[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 38683138
- DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2024.2346320
Aim: Treatment options for viral lung infections are currently limited. We aimed to explore the safety and efficacy of inhaled ethanol in an influenza-infection mouse model.
Materials and methods: In a safety and tolerability experiment, 80 healthy female BALB/c mice (20 per group) were exposed to nebulized saline (control) or three concentrations of ethanol (40/60/80% ethanol v/v in water) for 3x30-minute periods, with a two-hour break between exposures. In a separate subsequent experiment, 40 Female BALB/c mice were nasally inoculated with 10[SUP]4.5[/SUP] plaque-forming units of immediate virulence "Mem71" influenza. Infection was established for 48-h before commencing treatment in 4 groups of 10 mice with either nebulized saline (control) or one of 3 different concentrations of ethanol (40/60/80% ethanol v/v in water) for 3x30-minute periods daily over three consecutive days. In both experiments, mouse behavior, clinical scores, weight change, bronchoalveolar lavage cell viability, cellular composition, and cytokine levels, were assessed 24-h following the final exposure, with viral load also assessed after the second experiment.
Results: In uninfected BALB/c mice, 3x30-minute exposures to nebulized 40%, 60%, and 80% ethanol resulted in no significant differences in mouse weights, cell counts/viability, cytokines, or morphometry measures. In Mem71-influenza infected mice, we observed a dose-dependent reduction in viral load in the 80%-treated group and potentiation of macrophage numbers in the 60%- and 80%-treated groups, with no safety concerns.
Conclusions: Our data provides support for inhaled ethanol as a candidate treatment for respiratory infections.
Keywords: Ethanol; influenza; inhalation treatment; respiratory infection; toxicology.