Eurosurv. Effect of neuraminidase inhibitor (oseltamivir) treatment on outcome of hospitalised influenza patients, surveillance data from 11 EU countr

[tetano]

• Cornelia Adlhoch[SUP]1[/SUP] , Concepción Delgado-Sanz[SUP]2[/SUP] , AnnaSara Carnahan[SUP]3[/SUP] , Amparo Larrauri[SUP]2[/SUP] , Odette Popovici[SUP]4[/SUP] , Nathalie Bossuyt[SUP]5[/SUP] , Isabelle Thomas[SUP]5[/SUP] , Jan Kynčl[SUP]6[/SUP] , Pavel Slezak[SUP]6[/SUP] , Mia Brytting[SUP]3[/SUP] , Raquel Guiomar[SUP]7[/SUP] , Monika Redlberger-Fritz[SUP]8[/SUP] , Jackie Maistre Melillo[SUP]9[/SUP] , Tanya Melillo[SUP]9[/SUP] , Arianne B. van Gageldonk-Lafeber[SUP]10[/SUP] , Sierk D. Marbus[SUP]10[/SUP] , Joan O’Donnell[SUP]11[/SUP] , Lisa Domegan[SUP]11[/SUP] , Joana Gomes Dias[SUP]1[/SUP] , Sonja J. Olsen[SUP]12[/SUP]

Background

Timely treatment with neuraminidase inhibitors (NAI) can reduce severe outcomes in influenza patients.

Aim

We assessed the impact of antiviral treatment on in-hospital deaths of laboratory-confirmed influenza patients in 11 European Union countries from 2010/11 to 2019/20.

Methods

Case-based surveillance data from hospitalised patients with known age, sex, outcome, ward, vaccination status, timing of antiviral treatment, and hospitalisation were obtained. A mixed effect logistic regression model using country as random intercept was applied to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for in-hospital death in patients treated with NAIs vs not treated.

Results

Of 19,937 patients, 31% received NAIs within 48 hours of hospital admission. Older age (60–79 years aOR 3.0, 95% CI: 2.4–3.8; 80 years 8.3 (6.6–10.5)) and intensive care unit admission (3.8, 95% CI: 3.4–4.2) increased risk of dying, while early hospital admission after symptom onset decreased risk (aOR 0.91, 95% CI: 0.90–0.93). NAI treatment initiation within 48 hours and up to 7 days reduced risk of dying (0–48 hours aOR 0.51, 95% CI: 0.45–0.59; 3–4 days 0.59 (0.51–0.67); 5–7 days 0.64 (0.56–0.74)), in particular in patients 40 years and older (e.g. treatment within 48 hours: 40–59 years aOR 0.43, 95% CI: 0.28–0.66; 60–79 years 0.50 (0.39–0.63); ≥80 years 0.51 (0.42–0.63)).

Conclusion

NAI treatment given within 48 hours and possibly up to 7 days after symptom onset reduced risk of in-hospital death. NAI treatment should be considered in older patients to prevent severe outcomes.





https://www.eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.4.2200340#html_fulltext