tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Emerg Microbes Infect
. 2025 Apr 10:2492210.
doi: 10.1080/22221751.2025.2492210. Online ahead of print. Eurasian 1C swine influenza A virus exhibits high pandemic risk traits
Valerie Le Sage[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Carine K Souza[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Nicole C Rockey[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Meredith Shephard[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Giovana C Zanella[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Bailey Arruda[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Shengyang Wang[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Elizabeth M Drapeau[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Joshua D Doyle[SUP] 2 8 [/SUP], Lingqing Xu[SUP] 2 8 [/SUP], Dominique J Barbeau[SUP] 2 8 [/SUP], James C Paulson[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Anita K McElroy[SUP] 2 8 [/SUP], Scott E Hensley[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Tavis K Anderson[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Amy L Vincent Baker[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Seema S Lakdawala[SUP] 5 [/SUP]
Affiliations
AbstractRecent surveillance has identified an expansion of swine H1 1C influenza viruses in Eurasian swine. Since 2010, at least twenty-one spillover events of 1C virus into humans have been detected and three of these occurred from July to December of 2023. Pandemic risk assessment of H1 1C influenza virus revealed that individuals born after 1950 had limited cross-reactive antibodies, confirming that they are antigenically novel viruses. The 1C virus exhibited phenotypic signatures similar to the 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus, including human receptor preference, productive replication in human airway cells, and robust environmental stability. Efficient inter- and intraspecies airborne transmission using the swine and ferret models was observed, including efficient airborne transmission to ferrets with pre-existing human seasonal H1N1 immunity. Together our data suggest H1 1C influenza virus pose relatively high pandemic risk.
Keywords: Influenza virus; pandemic risk assessment; pre-existing immunity; swine; transmission.
. 2025 Apr 10:2492210.
doi: 10.1080/22221751.2025.2492210. Online ahead of print. Eurasian 1C swine influenza A virus exhibits high pandemic risk traits
Valerie Le Sage[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Carine K Souza[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Nicole C Rockey[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Meredith Shephard[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Giovana C Zanella[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Bailey Arruda[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Shengyang Wang[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Elizabeth M Drapeau[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Joshua D Doyle[SUP] 2 8 [/SUP], Lingqing Xu[SUP] 2 8 [/SUP], Dominique J Barbeau[SUP] 2 8 [/SUP], James C Paulson[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Anita K McElroy[SUP] 2 8 [/SUP], Scott E Hensley[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Tavis K Anderson[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Amy L Vincent Baker[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Seema S Lakdawala[SUP] 5 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 40207467
- DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2025.2492210
AbstractRecent surveillance has identified an expansion of swine H1 1C influenza viruses in Eurasian swine. Since 2010, at least twenty-one spillover events of 1C virus into humans have been detected and three of these occurred from July to December of 2023. Pandemic risk assessment of H1 1C influenza virus revealed that individuals born after 1950 had limited cross-reactive antibodies, confirming that they are antigenically novel viruses. The 1C virus exhibited phenotypic signatures similar to the 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus, including human receptor preference, productive replication in human airway cells, and robust environmental stability. Efficient inter- and intraspecies airborne transmission using the swine and ferret models was observed, including efficient airborne transmission to ferrets with pre-existing human seasonal H1N1 immunity. Together our data suggest H1 1C influenza virus pose relatively high pandemic risk.
Keywords: Influenza virus; pandemic risk assessment; pre-existing immunity; swine; transmission.