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Vaccine
Article in Press, Uncorrected Proof - Note to users
doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.08.068 | How to Cite or Link Using DOI
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Effectiveness of the pandemic H1N1 influenza vaccines against laboratory-confirmed H1N1 infections: Population-based case?control studystar, open
Salaheddin M. Mahmuda, d, Corresponding Author Contact Information, E-mail The Corresponding Author, Gregory Hammondb, c, Lawrence Elliotta, b, f, Tim Hildermana, f, Carol Kurbisd, Patricia Caetanoa, f, Paul Van Caeseeleb, e, Joel Kettnera, f and Magdy Dawoodb, e
a Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
b Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
c Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
d Winnipeg Regional Health Authority, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
e Cadham Provincial Laboratory, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
f Manitoba Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
Received 3 April 2011;
revised 8 July 2011;
accepted 14 August 2011.
Available online 30 August 2011.
Abstract
Background
Excellent immune responses following 1 or 2 doses of the monovalent inactivated pandemic H1N1 vaccines have been documented, but the effectiveness of these vaccines against laboratory-confirmed H1N1 infections in the general population is not clear. We evaluated the effectiveness of the pandemic H1N1 and seasonal trivalent influenza vaccines (TIV) used during the 2009 mass vaccination campaign in Manitoba (Canada) in preventing laboratory-confirmed H1N1 infections.
Methods
A population-based case?control study using data from Cadham Provincial Laboratory (CPL) and the Manitoba Immunization Monitoring System (MIMS). All Manitoba residents ≥6 months of age who had a respiratory specimen tested at CPL for H1N1 were included in the study. Cases were individuals who tested positive for pandemic H1N1 influenza A by reverse transcriptase-PCR (N = 1435). Controls were individuals who tested negative for both influenza A and B (N = 2309). Information on receipt of TIV or H1N1 vaccine was obtained by record linkage with MIMS, the population-based province-wide immunization registry.
Results
Overall, the adjuvanted H1N1 vaccine was 86% (95%CI 75?93%) effective in preventing laboratory-confirmed H1N1 infections when vaccination occurred ≥14 days before testing. Effectiveness seemed lower among older (≥50 years) individuals [51% (−51 to 84%)] and among those with immunocompromising conditions [67% (−13 to 90%)]. There was also evidence that the H1N1 vaccine might be less effective among those who had received the 2009/10 TIV.
Discussion
The adjuvanted H1N1 vaccine used during Manitoba's H1N1 mass vaccination campaign was highly effective against laboratory-confirmed pandemic H1N1 infection, especially among children and younger adults.
Highlights
► We evaluated the effectiveness of the H1N1 vaccine used in the recent pandemic. ► The study outcome was laboratory-confirmed H1N1 infections. ► The adjuvanted H1N1 vaccine was 86% effective in preventing these infections. ► Effectiveness seemed lower among older (≥50 years) individuals (51%).
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X11013272
Article in Press, Uncorrected Proof - Note to users
doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.08.068 | How to Cite or Link Using DOI
Permissions & Reprints
Effectiveness of the pandemic H1N1 influenza vaccines against laboratory-confirmed H1N1 infections: Population-based case?control studystar, open
Salaheddin M. Mahmuda, d, Corresponding Author Contact Information, E-mail The Corresponding Author, Gregory Hammondb, c, Lawrence Elliotta, b, f, Tim Hildermana, f, Carol Kurbisd, Patricia Caetanoa, f, Paul Van Caeseeleb, e, Joel Kettnera, f and Magdy Dawoodb, e
a Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
b Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
c Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
d Winnipeg Regional Health Authority, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
e Cadham Provincial Laboratory, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
f Manitoba Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
Received 3 April 2011;
revised 8 July 2011;
accepted 14 August 2011.
Available online 30 August 2011.
Abstract
Background
Excellent immune responses following 1 or 2 doses of the monovalent inactivated pandemic H1N1 vaccines have been documented, but the effectiveness of these vaccines against laboratory-confirmed H1N1 infections in the general population is not clear. We evaluated the effectiveness of the pandemic H1N1 and seasonal trivalent influenza vaccines (TIV) used during the 2009 mass vaccination campaign in Manitoba (Canada) in preventing laboratory-confirmed H1N1 infections.
Methods
A population-based case?control study using data from Cadham Provincial Laboratory (CPL) and the Manitoba Immunization Monitoring System (MIMS). All Manitoba residents ≥6 months of age who had a respiratory specimen tested at CPL for H1N1 were included in the study. Cases were individuals who tested positive for pandemic H1N1 influenza A by reverse transcriptase-PCR (N = 1435). Controls were individuals who tested negative for both influenza A and B (N = 2309). Information on receipt of TIV or H1N1 vaccine was obtained by record linkage with MIMS, the population-based province-wide immunization registry.
Results
Overall, the adjuvanted H1N1 vaccine was 86% (95%CI 75?93%) effective in preventing laboratory-confirmed H1N1 infections when vaccination occurred ≥14 days before testing. Effectiveness seemed lower among older (≥50 years) individuals [51% (−51 to 84%)] and among those with immunocompromising conditions [67% (−13 to 90%)]. There was also evidence that the H1N1 vaccine might be less effective among those who had received the 2009/10 TIV.
Discussion
The adjuvanted H1N1 vaccine used during Manitoba's H1N1 mass vaccination campaign was highly effective against laboratory-confirmed pandemic H1N1 infection, especially among children and younger adults.
Highlights
► We evaluated the effectiveness of the H1N1 vaccine used in the recent pandemic. ► The study outcome was laboratory-confirmed H1N1 infections. ► The adjuvanted H1N1 vaccine was 86% effective in preventing these infections. ► Effectiveness seemed lower among older (≥50 years) individuals (51%).
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X11013272