tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Med Microbiol. 2018 Jun 21. doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.000773. [Epub ahead of print]
[h=1]Ecology and diversity in upper respiratory tract microbial population structures from a cross-sectional community swabbing study.[/h] Coughtrie AL[SUP]1[/SUP], Morris DE[SUP]1[/SUP], Anderson R[SUP]1[/SUP], Begum N[SUP]1[/SUP], Cleary DW[SUP]2,[/SUP][SUP]1[/SUP], Faust SN[SUP]3,[/SUP][SUP]4,[/SUP][SUP]1[/SUP], Jefferies JM[SUP]3,[/SUP][SUP]1[/SUP], Kraaijeveld AR[SUP]5[/SUP], Moore MV[SUP]1[/SUP], Mullee MA[SUP]6,[/SUP][SUP]1[/SUP], Roderick PJ[SUP]7,[/SUP][SUP]1[/SUP], Tuck A[SUP]1[/SUP], Whittaker RN[SUP]1[/SUP], Yuen HM[SUP]1[/SUP], Doncaster CP[SUP]5[/SUP], Clarke SC[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]3,[/SUP][SUP]7,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]PURPOSE:[/h] Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are responsible for over 2.8 million deaths per year worldwide with pathobiont carriage a required precursor to infection. We sought to determine carriage epidemiology for both bacterial and viral respiratory pathogens as part of a large population-based cross-sectional carriage study.
[h=4]METHODOLOGY:[/h] Nose self-swab samples were collected in two separate time-points, May to August 2012 (late spring/summer) and February to April 2013 (winter/early spring). The presence of six bacterial species: S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and N. meningitidis in addition to respiratory syncytial virus, influenza viruses A and B, rhinovirus/enterovirus, coronavirus, parainfluenza viruses 1-3 and adenovirus was determined using culture and PCR methods.Results/Key findings. Carriage was shown to vary with age, recent RTI and the presence of other species. Spatial structures of microbial communities were more disordered in the 0-4 age group and those with recent RTI. Species frequency distributions were flatter than random expectation in young individuals (X[SUP]2[/SUP]=20.42, P=0.002), indicating spatial clumping of species consistent with facilitative relationships. Deviations from a neutral model of ecological niches were observed in summer samples and from older individuals but not in the winter or younger individuals (0-4 years), suggesting the presence of seasonal and age-dependent niche processes in respiratory community assembly.
[h=4]CONCLUSION:[/h] The application of epidemiological methods and ecological theory to respiratory tract samples has yielded novel insights into the factors that drive microbial community composition.
PMID: 29927372 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000773
[h=1]Ecology and diversity in upper respiratory tract microbial population structures from a cross-sectional community swabbing study.[/h] Coughtrie AL[SUP]1[/SUP], Morris DE[SUP]1[/SUP], Anderson R[SUP]1[/SUP], Begum N[SUP]1[/SUP], Cleary DW[SUP]2,[/SUP][SUP]1[/SUP], Faust SN[SUP]3,[/SUP][SUP]4,[/SUP][SUP]1[/SUP], Jefferies JM[SUP]3,[/SUP][SUP]1[/SUP], Kraaijeveld AR[SUP]5[/SUP], Moore MV[SUP]1[/SUP], Mullee MA[SUP]6,[/SUP][SUP]1[/SUP], Roderick PJ[SUP]7,[/SUP][SUP]1[/SUP], Tuck A[SUP]1[/SUP], Whittaker RN[SUP]1[/SUP], Yuen HM[SUP]1[/SUP], Doncaster CP[SUP]5[/SUP], Clarke SC[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]3,[/SUP][SUP]7,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]PURPOSE:[/h] Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are responsible for over 2.8 million deaths per year worldwide with pathobiont carriage a required precursor to infection. We sought to determine carriage epidemiology for both bacterial and viral respiratory pathogens as part of a large population-based cross-sectional carriage study.
[h=4]METHODOLOGY:[/h] Nose self-swab samples were collected in two separate time-points, May to August 2012 (late spring/summer) and February to April 2013 (winter/early spring). The presence of six bacterial species: S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and N. meningitidis in addition to respiratory syncytial virus, influenza viruses A and B, rhinovirus/enterovirus, coronavirus, parainfluenza viruses 1-3 and adenovirus was determined using culture and PCR methods.Results/Key findings. Carriage was shown to vary with age, recent RTI and the presence of other species. Spatial structures of microbial communities were more disordered in the 0-4 age group and those with recent RTI. Species frequency distributions were flatter than random expectation in young individuals (X[SUP]2[/SUP]=20.42, P=0.002), indicating spatial clumping of species consistent with facilitative relationships. Deviations from a neutral model of ecological niches were observed in summer samples and from older individuals but not in the winter or younger individuals (0-4 years), suggesting the presence of seasonal and age-dependent niche processes in respiratory community assembly.
[h=4]CONCLUSION:[/h] The application of epidemiological methods and ecological theory to respiratory tract samples has yielded novel insights into the factors that drive microbial community composition.
PMID: 29927372 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000773