tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Curr Rheumatol Rep
. 2022 Feb 12.
doi: 10.1007/s11926-022-01056-8. Online ahead of print.
Who Would Have Predicted Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children?
Daniel D Reiff[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Randy Q Cron[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Purpose of review: Multisystem inflammatory disease in children (MIS-C) is a novel post-infectious phenomenon following coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Herein, we present an in-depth review of the latest MIS-C literature related to clinical findings, pathophysiology, imaging and laboratory studies, treatment algorithms, and disease outcomes.
Recent findings: With its non-specific presentation of fever, gastrointestinal symptoms, cardiovascular injury and shock, systemic inflammation, and Kawasaki disease (KD)-like features, MIS-C can be a diagnostic challenge, overlapping with KD and active COVID-19 infection. However, common laboratory features, imaging findings, and historical clues can lead to accurate diagnosis and allow for appropriate treatment with a variety of immunomodulatory therapies, including intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Aggressive treatment of MIS-C leads to good outcomes. Longitudinal studies continue to illuminate long-term cardiac sequelae and recovery. MIS-C presents with fever, KD features, gastrointestinal symptoms, cardiac inflammation, and shock. Early recognition and prompt institution of IVIG and glucocorticoids provide for rapid improvement.
Keywords: COVID-19; Cytokine; Inflammation; Kawasaki disease; MIS-C; Pediatric rheumatology.
. 2022 Feb 12.
doi: 10.1007/s11926-022-01056-8. Online ahead of print.
Who Would Have Predicted Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children?
Daniel D Reiff[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Randy Q Cron[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35150412
- DOI: 10.1007/s11926-022-01056-8
Abstract
Purpose of review: Multisystem inflammatory disease in children (MIS-C) is a novel post-infectious phenomenon following coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Herein, we present an in-depth review of the latest MIS-C literature related to clinical findings, pathophysiology, imaging and laboratory studies, treatment algorithms, and disease outcomes.
Recent findings: With its non-specific presentation of fever, gastrointestinal symptoms, cardiovascular injury and shock, systemic inflammation, and Kawasaki disease (KD)-like features, MIS-C can be a diagnostic challenge, overlapping with KD and active COVID-19 infection. However, common laboratory features, imaging findings, and historical clues can lead to accurate diagnosis and allow for appropriate treatment with a variety of immunomodulatory therapies, including intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Aggressive treatment of MIS-C leads to good outcomes. Longitudinal studies continue to illuminate long-term cardiac sequelae and recovery. MIS-C presents with fever, KD features, gastrointestinal symptoms, cardiac inflammation, and shock. Early recognition and prompt institution of IVIG and glucocorticoids provide for rapid improvement.
Keywords: COVID-19; Cytokine; Inflammation; Kawasaki disease; MIS-C; Pediatric rheumatology.