tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Clin Respir J
. 2026 May;20(5):e70184.
doi: 10.1111/crj.70184.
Epidemiological Characteristics and Co-Detection Patterns of Rhinovirus (A/B/C) and Influenza A Virus in a Regional Respiratory Cohort in Hunan, China
Feicheng Yang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ping Bai[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jiaxuan Zhang[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Juqi Peng[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Qing Hu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yanchun Li[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Objective: To characterize the epidemiological profile, coinfection spectrum, and virus-virus association patterns between rhinovirus (RV; A/B/C) and influenza A virus (IAV).
Methods: We analyzed 8928 respiratory samples collected from April 2023 to December 2025. A quality-controlled RV analytic cohort (n = 386) and an IAV-positive cohort (n = 422) were used for subtype distribution, coinfection profiling, and observed-versus-expected co-occurrence analysis. Associations were evaluated with Fisher's exact test or chi-square test, with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results: In the RV cohort, subtype A was dominant (235/386, 60.9%), followed by C (118/386, 30.6%) and B (33/386, 8.5%); mixed subtypes accounted for 1.6% (6/386). Coinfection was common (282/386, 73.1%), and IAV was detected in 14/386 RV-positive samples. Co-occurrence analysis showed lower-than-expected overlap for IAV-RV A (0.23% vs. 0.40%), IAV-RV B (0.029% vs. 0.099%), and IAV-RV A/B/C overall (0.390% vs. 0.624%), while IAV-RV C was close to random expectation (0.217% vs. 0.210%).
Conclusion: RV and IAV exhibited subtype-dependent interaction patterns in this regional cohort, with apparent mutual exclusion for RV-A/RV-B and near-random coexistence for RV-C. These findings support subtype-stratified surveillance and season-specific prevention strategies.
Keywords: coinfection; epidemiology; influenza A virus; rhinovirus; viral interference.
. 2026 May;20(5):e70184.
doi: 10.1111/crj.70184.
Epidemiological Characteristics and Co-Detection Patterns of Rhinovirus (A/B/C) and Influenza A Virus in a Regional Respiratory Cohort in Hunan, China
Feicheng Yang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ping Bai[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jiaxuan Zhang[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Juqi Peng[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Qing Hu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yanchun Li[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 42120350
- DOI: 10.1111/crj.70184
Objective: To characterize the epidemiological profile, coinfection spectrum, and virus-virus association patterns between rhinovirus (RV; A/B/C) and influenza A virus (IAV).
Methods: We analyzed 8928 respiratory samples collected from April 2023 to December 2025. A quality-controlled RV analytic cohort (n = 386) and an IAV-positive cohort (n = 422) were used for subtype distribution, coinfection profiling, and observed-versus-expected co-occurrence analysis. Associations were evaluated with Fisher's exact test or chi-square test, with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results: In the RV cohort, subtype A was dominant (235/386, 60.9%), followed by C (118/386, 30.6%) and B (33/386, 8.5%); mixed subtypes accounted for 1.6% (6/386). Coinfection was common (282/386, 73.1%), and IAV was detected in 14/386 RV-positive samples. Co-occurrence analysis showed lower-than-expected overlap for IAV-RV A (0.23% vs. 0.40%), IAV-RV B (0.029% vs. 0.099%), and IAV-RV A/B/C overall (0.390% vs. 0.624%), while IAV-RV C was close to random expectation (0.217% vs. 0.210%).
Conclusion: RV and IAV exhibited subtype-dependent interaction patterns in this regional cohort, with apparent mutual exclusion for RV-A/RV-B and near-random coexistence for RV-C. These findings support subtype-stratified surveillance and season-specific prevention strategies.
Keywords: coinfection; epidemiology; influenza A virus; rhinovirus; viral interference.