tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Infect. 2019 Aug 26. pii: S0163-4453(19)30254-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2019.08.014. [Epub ahead of print]
[h=1]Cigarette smoking and the occurrence of Influenza - Systematic Review.[/h] Lawrence H[SUP]1[/SUP], Hunter A[SUP]2[/SUP], Murray R[SUP]2[/SUP], Lim WS[SUP]3[/SUP], McKeever T[SUP]4[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h] 1 Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies (UKCTAS), School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Building, Nottingham City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. Electronic address: hannah.lawrence1@nottingham.ac.uk. 2 Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies (UKCTAS), School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Building, Nottingham City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. 3 Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK; Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre NIHR. 4 Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies (UKCTAS), School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Building, Nottingham City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre NIHR.
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]OBJECTIVES:[/h] The association of current smoking with influenza infection is not widely recognised. The aim of this systematic review was to summarise published evidence and quantify the risk of influenza infection in tobacco smokers compared to non-smokers.
[h=4]METHODS:[/h] We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, LILACS and Web of Science, from inception to 7 November 2017, to identify relevant randomised control trials, cohort and case-control studies. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We included studies defining influenza as a clinical syndrome and those using confirmatory microbiological tests. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) were estimated by using random effects model.
[h=4]RESULTS:[/h] The mean quality score across the nine included studies (n=40 685 participants) was 5.4 of 9 (SD 1.07). Current smokers were over 5 times more likely to develop laboratory-confirmed influenza than non-smokers (pooled OR 5.69 (95% CI 2.79 to 11.60), 3 studies). For studies reporting the occurrence of an influenza-like illness (ILI), current smokers were 34% more likely to develop ILI than non-smokers (pooled OR 1.34 (95% CI 1.13 to 1.59), 6 studies).
[h=4]CONCLUSION:[/h] Current smokers have an increased risk of developing influenza compared to non-smokers. The association was strongest in studies examining cases with laboratory confirmed influenza.
Copyright ? 2019. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] Cigarette Smoking; Influenza; Influenza-like illness; Laboratory-confirmed influenza; Meta-analysis; Smokers; Tobacco
PMID: 31465780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2019.08.014
[h=1]Cigarette smoking and the occurrence of Influenza - Systematic Review.[/h] Lawrence H[SUP]1[/SUP], Hunter A[SUP]2[/SUP], Murray R[SUP]2[/SUP], Lim WS[SUP]3[/SUP], McKeever T[SUP]4[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h] 1 Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies (UKCTAS), School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Building, Nottingham City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. Electronic address: hannah.lawrence1@nottingham.ac.uk. 2 Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies (UKCTAS), School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Building, Nottingham City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. 3 Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK; Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre NIHR. 4 Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies (UKCTAS), School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Building, Nottingham City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre NIHR.
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]OBJECTIVES:[/h] The association of current smoking with influenza infection is not widely recognised. The aim of this systematic review was to summarise published evidence and quantify the risk of influenza infection in tobacco smokers compared to non-smokers.
[h=4]METHODS:[/h] We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, LILACS and Web of Science, from inception to 7 November 2017, to identify relevant randomised control trials, cohort and case-control studies. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We included studies defining influenza as a clinical syndrome and those using confirmatory microbiological tests. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) were estimated by using random effects model.
[h=4]RESULTS:[/h] The mean quality score across the nine included studies (n=40 685 participants) was 5.4 of 9 (SD 1.07). Current smokers were over 5 times more likely to develop laboratory-confirmed influenza than non-smokers (pooled OR 5.69 (95% CI 2.79 to 11.60), 3 studies). For studies reporting the occurrence of an influenza-like illness (ILI), current smokers were 34% more likely to develop ILI than non-smokers (pooled OR 1.34 (95% CI 1.13 to 1.59), 6 studies).
[h=4]CONCLUSION:[/h] Current smokers have an increased risk of developing influenza compared to non-smokers. The association was strongest in studies examining cases with laboratory confirmed influenza.
Copyright ? 2019. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] Cigarette Smoking; Influenza; Influenza-like illness; Laboratory-confirmed influenza; Meta-analysis; Smokers; Tobacco
PMID: 31465780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2019.08.014