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China - Pediatric outpatient medical consultations up 30% since September 1 for ILI, flu, mycoplasma pneumonia, etc. in Shanghai - September 16, 2023

sharon sanders

Editor-in-Chief & President
As many as 900 cases a day, a surge in cases! Emergency reminders in multiple places

Release time: 2023-09-16 17:19:00 Source: China News Network


  According to media reports
  Since the start of school in September, Shanghai’s pediatric hospitals have
  Ushered in a small peak of medical consultations
  It is reported that starting last week
  The number of children with fever has been increasing
  Outpatient volume increased by 30% compared with before September 1
  Peak consultation period on weekends
  The number of people visiting the water in a single day can reach 900
  What virus is so powerful?
  Infections by pathogenic microorganisms such as influenza A and mycoplasma
  One hospital has 900 patients suffering from water shortages in a single day
  Reporters at the Children's Hospital of Fudan University in Shanghai saw that within two hours of the opening of the clinic on the morning of the 13th, more than 90 children registered, all with fever.
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  After 10:30, the number of children increased, and the number of fever emergency rooms was increased from 3 to 5. One patient saw a doctor after waiting 45 minutes.
  According to data from Fudan Children's Hospital: recent fevers in children are mainly caused by pathogenic microorganism infections such as influenza A and mycoplasma. Among them, more than 100 cases of influenza A were detected in a single day, an increase of 30% compared with before September 1. During the peak period of weekends, up to 900 people visit the hospital in a single day.
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  Although the symptoms of mycoplasma pneumonia are very similar to those of a common cold or flu, it is neither a bacterium nor a virus. It is a special pathogen. Therefore, if many parents do not pay attention to it in the early stage, they buy cold medicine or anti-inflammatory medicine for their children. , not only is it not symptomatic and ineffective, but it also delays the best opportunity for treatment.
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  Doctors recommend:
  If your child develops flu-like symptoms, seek medical attention as soon as possible
  Zeng Mei, deputy director of the Department of Infectious Diseases at the Children's Hospital of Fudan University, said: The rise of influenza has been obvious since the start of school. In the spring, we experienced a wave of influenza epidemics. At that time, it was H1N1, and recently it was H3N2. In this wave, we see that primary school students are not Few, and there are kindergarten children.
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  So, how should parents determine whether their children have the flu?
  Zeng Mei, deputy director of the Department of Infectious Diseases at the Children's Hospital of Fudan University, said: Flu-like symptoms often include fever. Babies may have a runny nose and cough. Older children may have obvious cough symptoms, as well as muscle aches throughout the body.
  Mycoplasma infections experienced a small peak from June to July this year. After declining in August, there was an increasing trend in September. Since mycoplasma infection can easily lead to bronchitis and pneumonia, some children with severe symptoms require intravenous rehydration with azithromycin for about a week.
  Issue emergency reminders in multiple places
  Temperatures dropped sharply in Xi'an, Shaanxi after the latest round of heavy rain
  There are also hospitals appearing
  Sudden increase in children in pediatric outpatient clinics
  Many kindergartens, primary and secondary schools in Xi'an
  Tips to Prevent the Flu
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  Zhejiang, Shaanxi, Xi'an, Yangzhou and other places issued reminders
  Seasonal change
  Pay attention to preventing infectious diseases such as influenza
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  How do you know you have influenza A?
  Influenza viruses can routinely be tested for in the following ways:
  First, viral antigen detection: Viral antigen detection can use colloidal gold method and immunofluorescence method. Antigen testing is fast and is a commonly used influenza virus detection method in hospitals. Due to the limitations of the detection method, a positive viral antigen test supports the diagnosis, but a negative test does not completely rule out influenza.
  Secondly, viral nucleic acid testing: mainly detects influenza virus nucleic acid in patients’ nasal swabs, throat swabs, nasopharyngeal swabs, tracheal extracts, and sputum. Viral nucleic acid detection has high sensitivity and specificity and can distinguish virus types and subtypes.
  What should I do if I get influenza A?
  Which groups are at high risk of severe influenza A?
  Elderly people over 65 years old, children under 5 years old, people with underlying diseases, people with low immunity, pregnant women and women within 2 weeks after delivery, and obese people (BMI> 30).
  What should I do if I get influenza A?
  Influenza, including influenza A, is a self-limiting disease. The fever will gradually subside 3-5 days after the onset, and symptoms such as headache, muscle and joint pain will also gradually ease.
  When flu symptoms appear, don’t panic. You can handle it as follows:
  If you are in a good mental state, have no obvious headache, have a normal appetite, and have a fever lower than 38°C, you can observe at home, drink more water, eat more fruits and vegetables, eat a light diet, and ensure sleep.
  If you have high fever, body temperature exceeding 38.5°C, accompanied by symptoms such as headache, body aches, lethargy, vomiting and diarrhea, you need to go to the fever clinic of the hospital.
  Reduce contact with others, rest at home as much as possible, pay attention to indoor ventilation when at home, keep distance from family members, and wear a mask when going out.
  Is there any specific medicine to treat influenza A?
  First of all, it should be noted that not everyone who has the flu must take antiviral drugs. The vast majority of influenza antiviral drugs are prescription drugs and need to be evaluated by a doctor before use; antiviral drugs cannot replace annual influenza vaccination for prevention.
  Currently, the main influenza antiviral drugs available in China include oseltamivir (including granules and capsules), zanamivir, peramivir, arbidol, and mabaloxavir.
  How to prevent mycoplasma pneumonia?
  Mycoplasma infection is mainly spread through direct contact and droplets. According to experts, compared with previous years, mycoplasma pneumonia in my country has also appeared in younger ages this year. Some children under 3 years old are also affected. Parents should take their children to see a doctor in time when relevant symptoms appear.
  Experts particularly remind parents of young children that when mycoplasma pneumonia infection occurs, the child may not have a serious fever, but may have wheezing or difficulty breathing, or a depression may appear in the clavicle, which means that the child’s clavicle may have a dent when inhaling. If there is a hole in your nose, or if your nose becomes blocked when you inhale, you should go to the hospital in time.
  At present, there is no targeted vaccine to prevent mycoplasma pneumonia, so experts remind everyone to pay attention to indoor ventilation, try to avoid going to crowded and poorly ventilated public places, and wear a mask when you must go. When coughing or sneezing, cover your mouth and nose with a tissue, perform good hand hygiene, and wash your hands frequently with soap and hand sanitizer under running water. Schools, kindergartens and other places must pay attention to ventilation and disinfection to avoid cluster infections.
  Source: Chao News Qianjiang Evening News, Shangguan News, News Square, Qidian News, Shenzhen Health Commission, Liaoshen Evening News



​source: zhttps://news.youth.cn/gn/202309/t20230916_14794470.htm
 
There is no peace yet! It's very stealthy this time! Doctors in Shanghai found that some children did not have obvious cough, but CT showed that they had pneumonia.
Xinmin Evening News2023-12-08 14:27




"There is not complete peace yet, and there are still many children with respiratory diseases." said Li Wen, chief physician of pediatrics at Shanghai Longhua Hospital.
Shen Liang, director of the Medical Department of Longhua Hospital, told reporters that the average daily outpatient and emergency volume of pediatrics in the hospital has remained at a high level, but the increase has slowed down.
At about 17:00 on December 6, Li Wen introduced the recent diagnosis and treatment of children's respiratory diseases in the hospital. "Currently, children are still mainly infected with influenza and Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and some patients have co-infections."
The reporter saw in the pediatric ward that compared with the long queues in the waiting area in November, the current waiting list is smooth and orderly. The number of children in the infusion area has temporarily decreased.
"This may be related to the fact that there are more children with influenza recently, and influenza is mainly based on medication. Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is relatively complicated, with a long course and complicated condition. It requires rehydration treatment for a long time, so the speed of seeing a doctor is relatively faster now, and there is a backlog. There are fewer people in the hospital," she said.
"This year, children infected with respiratory diseases are very insidious." Li Wen said that compared with previous years, respiratory diseases this year first came earlier and second, developed very insidiously. She found that even if some children did not have obvious symptoms such as cough, CT examination showed pneumonia.
Li Wen believes that parents should not be careless. She recommends that parents urge their children to wear masks when going out, wash hands frequently, and reduce the number of visits to crowded places; seek medical treatment promptly if they become sick, do not go to school with illness, and reduce physical activity during the recovery period to ensure Adequate nutrition and rest.
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At about 17:00 on December 6, the pediatric ward of Shanghai Longhua Hospital.
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At about 17:00 on December 6, the pediatric infusion area of ​​Shanghai Longhua Hospital.
After Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection,
How to detect and administer medicine?
A chest specialist explains it all in 7 questions and 7 answers
A reporter from Jiefang Daily and Shangguan News invited Zhang Hai, the attending physician of the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Shanghai Chest Hospital, to give an in-depth introduction on the detection and diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia, key medication, and precautions for medical treatment.
Q: What is Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia?
Answer: Mycoplasma is a microorganism between bacteria and viruses in size. It is a common pathogen in nature, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of them. An acute lung infection with mainly interstitial lesions caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae is called mycoplasmal pneumonia.
Question: Why are there a large number of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections this year?
Answer: In fact, Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the important causes of community-acquired pneumonia in adults in my country and is also the most common pathogen of SARS. It is not a new thing this year. It exists widely around the world, and the epidemic pattern is mostly sporadic cases. A regional epidemic will occur about 3 to 7 years, and the epidemic time can be as long as 1 year. The incidence rate in epidemic years is several times that in non-epidemic years. 2023 will be A popular year.
Judging from the epidemic time, the infection occurs throughout the year, with most cases occurring in winter in northern my country and in summer and autumn in southern China. Recently, taking Shanghai as an example, the spread of Mycoplasma pneumoniae has dropped slightly compared to before. Epidemic infections can occur in communities, families, or gatherings of people, and outbreaks often occur in relatively closed groups such as schools and child care institutions.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is spread through droplets and direct contact. The incubation period is about 2 to 3 weeks. It is contagious during the incubation period until several weeks after symptoms subside. It can occur at any age, and is most common in children, young adults, and patients without underlying diseases.
Question: What drugs can be used to treat Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia?
Answer: The main clinical treatment drugs are macrolide antibiotics, including azithromycin, erythromycin, clarithromycin, etc. Since Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia is self-limiting, early use of appropriate antibiotics can alleviate symptoms and shorten the course of treatment. The usual course of treatment is 10 to 14 days, and may be extended to 3 weeks in refractory cases. It is not appropriate to use complete absorption of the lung shadow as an indication for discontinuation of treatment.
However, adult Mycoplasma pneumoniae in my country is characterized by a high resistance rate to macrolide drugs. If macrolide drug resistance occurs, children over 8 years old can use tetracyclines, such as doxycycline, minocycline, omamacycline, etc.; adult patients can use respiratory quinolones, such as levofloxacin, etc. .
Question: Can Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection be prevented?
Answer: Wearing a mask can prevent infection to a certain extent. The recent epidemic is at a peak period, so you should avoid going to densely populated closed public places. Ventilation should be carried out frequently at home, in classrooms, in child care institutions, and in nursing homes. Citizens can exercise more to improve their immunity, and pay attention to a high-nutrition, high-protein diet and balanced nutrition every day. In addition, young adults should pay special attention to rest and not stay up late.
Question: Will all people infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae develop pneumonia? What are the main clinical symptoms?
Answer: The main symptoms of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection are fever and cough, which may also be accompanied by headache, runny nose, sore throat, and earache. Mild cases may have no obvious symptoms or only upper respiratory tract symptoms; severe cases may show pneumonia, lung consolidation, pleural effusion, etc.
Question: Recently, multiple viruses have spread together. If you have a fever and cough, how can you tell whether you are infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae? What tests can be done to make sure?
Answer: First, serological specific antibody IgG and IgM detection can be performed.
Second, laboratory isolation and culture. This is a more reliable test standard, but due to the long routine culture time, low detection rate, and high technical requirements, it is of little significance for early diagnosis.
Third, nucleic acid diagnosis. In symptomatic patients, the use of nucleic acid diagnostics combined with serological testing may currently be the best method to diagnose M. pneumoniae infection.
Question: Recently, medical institutions have experienced a peak in visits. I have been to the hospital many times and I am worried about cross-infection. What situations require prompt medical treatment?
Answer: If parents find any of the following conditions in their children, they need to be highly vigilant: First, the child has a fever that lasts for 3 days, and the temperature does not improve or the condition relapses; second, the child has an obvious cough, increased respiratory rate, or is accompanied by If you have wheezing, dyspnea, cyanosis, headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, poor energy, convulsions, etc., you should seek medical treatment in time.
Mycoplasma pneumonia peaks in many places around the world
Why is it particularly serious this year?
Main reason: Immunity gap
Why will mycoplasma pneumonia show a global trend this winter? An important reason is the "immunity gap", which is the difference between the level of herd immunity during the epidemic and before the epidemic. Looking around the world, after the relaxation of epidemic prevention measures, most countries have faced the problem of an increase in respiratory diseases due to immunity gaps. Taking the United States as an example, the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection that raged in the United States in the fall and winter of 2022 showed a non-seasonal trend after the COVID-19 pandemic subsided.

source: zhttps://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1784694195855778937&wfr=spider&for=pc
 
Skip the long queues at major hospitals, Jing’an community hospitals provide pediatric diagnosis and treatment services

Reprinted from:Jing'an, Shanghai 2023-12-21 09:46:44

The temperature has dropped sharply recently, respiratory diseases in children are more common, and the number of pediatric patients in hospitals has increased significantly. The reporter visited and found that the community health service centers in Jing'an District have further implemented the work of sinking experts and hierarchical diagnosis and treatment, providing community pediatric services, and effectively ensuring the diagnosis and treatment needs of children.
At around 9 a.m., in the pediatric outpatient clinic of the Second Community Health Service Center in Pengpu Town, Jing'an District, Zhu Feifei, the center's general physician, was examining a child. The parents said that the child had been coughing on and off for a week and had a fever during this period. After a series of examinations, Zhu Feifei prescribed relevant medicines for the child and informed the parents about their diet and daily life.
"We live nearby, and it's very convenient to come here. It's a long way to go to a big hospital, and there are many people, which can easily increase the risk of infection. There is a pediatric clinic here, and you can see it when you arrive. The environment is relatively refreshing and relatively safe. I think it's pretty good here. ." The parent told reporters.
The reporter noticed that compared with the overcrowding of large hospitals, the central pediatric clinic received more than 20 children in the morning, and they basically waited a short time for treatment. In the waiting areas, blood drawing and other areas, there are almost no children and parents queuing up.


​more... zhttps://www.jfdaily.com/sgh/detail?id=1210078
 
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