tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Cell Rep
. 2021 Aug 5;109518.
doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109518. Online ahead of print.
Long-term SARS-CoV-2-specific immune and inflammatory responses in individuals recovering from COVID-19 with and without post-acute symptoms
Michael J Peluso[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Amelia N Deitchman[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Leonel Torres[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Nikita S Iyer[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Sadie E Munter[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Christopher C Nixon[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Joanna Donatelli[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Cassandra Thanh[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Saki Takahashi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jill Hakim[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Keirstinne Turcios[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Owen Janson[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Rebecca Hoh[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Viva Tai[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yanel Hernandez[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Emily A Fehrman[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Matthew A Spinelli[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Monica Gandhi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Lan Trinh[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Terri Wrin[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Christos J Petropoulos[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Francesca T Aweeka[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Isabel Rodriguez-Barraquer[SUP] 3 [/SUP], J Daniel Kelly[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Jeffrey N Martin[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Steven G Deeks[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Bryan Greenhouse[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Rachel L Rutishauser[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Timothy J Henrich[SUP] 7 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
We describe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific T cell responses, soluble markers of inflammation, and antibody levels and neutralization capacity longitudinally in 70 individuals with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Participants represent a spectrum of illness and recovery, including some with persistent viral shedding in saliva and many experiencing post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). T cell responses remain stable for up to 9 months. Whereas the magnitude of early CD4[SUP]+[/SUP] T cell immune responses correlates with severity of initial infection, pre-existing lung disease is independently associated with higher long-term SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cell responses. Among participants with PASC 4 months following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptom onset, we observe a lower frequency of CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cells expressing CD107a, a marker of degranulation, in response to Nucleocapsid (N) peptide pool stimulation, and a more rapid decline in the frequency of N-specific interferon-γ-producing CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cells. Neutralizing antibody levels strongly correlate with SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4[SUP]+[/SUP] T cell responses.
Keywords: COVID-19; PASC; SARS-CoV-2; T cell; immunity; long COVID; post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
. 2021 Aug 5;109518.
doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109518. Online ahead of print.
Long-term SARS-CoV-2-specific immune and inflammatory responses in individuals recovering from COVID-19 with and without post-acute symptoms
Michael J Peluso[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Amelia N Deitchman[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Leonel Torres[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Nikita S Iyer[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Sadie E Munter[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Christopher C Nixon[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Joanna Donatelli[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Cassandra Thanh[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Saki Takahashi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jill Hakim[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Keirstinne Turcios[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Owen Janson[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Rebecca Hoh[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Viva Tai[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yanel Hernandez[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Emily A Fehrman[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Matthew A Spinelli[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Monica Gandhi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Lan Trinh[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Terri Wrin[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Christos J Petropoulos[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Francesca T Aweeka[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Isabel Rodriguez-Barraquer[SUP] 3 [/SUP], J Daniel Kelly[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Jeffrey N Martin[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Steven G Deeks[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Bryan Greenhouse[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Rachel L Rutishauser[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Timothy J Henrich[SUP] 7 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34358460
- PMCID: PMC8342976
- DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109518
Abstract
We describe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific T cell responses, soluble markers of inflammation, and antibody levels and neutralization capacity longitudinally in 70 individuals with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Participants represent a spectrum of illness and recovery, including some with persistent viral shedding in saliva and many experiencing post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). T cell responses remain stable for up to 9 months. Whereas the magnitude of early CD4[SUP]+[/SUP] T cell immune responses correlates with severity of initial infection, pre-existing lung disease is independently associated with higher long-term SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cell responses. Among participants with PASC 4 months following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptom onset, we observe a lower frequency of CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cells expressing CD107a, a marker of degranulation, in response to Nucleocapsid (N) peptide pool stimulation, and a more rapid decline in the frequency of N-specific interferon-γ-producing CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cells. Neutralizing antibody levels strongly correlate with SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4[SUP]+[/SUP] T cell responses.
Keywords: COVID-19; PASC; SARS-CoV-2; T cell; immunity; long COVID; post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection.