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Brazil - Ministry of Health reports 1,248 suspected cases of microcephaly in 14 states - November 30, 2015

Gert van der Hoek

In Memoriam - Editor, Senior Moderator
Registration Date: 11/30/2015
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL BULLETIN


Ministry of Health publishes new data microcephaly


Until November 28, 2015, it was reported 1,248 suspected cases of microcephaly, identified in 311 municipalities in 14 Brazilian states, according to the third edition of epidemiological report on microcephaly, released on Monday (30). The government remains making every effort to monitor and investigate, as a priority, the increasing number of cases of microcephaly in the country. The state of Pernambuco has the highest number of cases (646), being the first to identify an increase of microcephaly in your region. The State has the monitoring of the Ministry of Health team since October 22. Next are the states of Para?ba (248), Rio Grande do Norte (79), Sergipe (77), Alagoas (59), Bahia (37), Piau? (36), Cear? (25), Rio de Janeiro (13 ), Tocantins (12) Maranh?o (12), Goi?s (2), Mato Grosso do Sul (1) and Federal District (1). Among the total cases, seven deaths were reported. A newborn Ceara diagnosed with microcephaly and other congenital malformations through ultrasound, tested positive for zika virus. Five others in Rio Grande do Norte and Piau? are under investigation to determine cause of death.

ZIKA MICROCEPHALY E RATIO - The Ministry of Health confirmed on Saturday (28) the relationship between the Zika virus and microcephaly outbreak in the Northeast. Confirmation was possible from the confirmation of the Evandro Chagas identification of Zika virus presence Institute in blood and newborn tissues that came to death in Cear?.
This is an unprecedented situation in world scientific research. The research on the subject should continue to clarify issues such as: the transmission of the agent; its performance in the human body; infection of the fetus and period of increased vulnerability for pregnant women. On initial analysis, the risk is associated with the first three months of pregnancy. The finding reinforces the Health Ministry's call for a national mobilization to combat the Aedes aegypti mosquito, responsible for the spread of dengue, chikungunya and zika. The success of this measure requires national actions involving the Federal Government, states, municipalities and all of Brazilian society. The time is now to unite efforts to further intensify actions and mobilization. The campaign launched this week warned that the dengue mosquito kills and therefore can not be born. The idea is that all days are used for cleaning and inspection points which can be mosquito breeding. The Sabbath would be like D-Day, the housecleaning. The result Contents of Rapid Assessment for Aedes aegypti (LIRAa) indicates 199 municipalities in dengue outbreak risk, chikungunya and zika, which reinforces the need for an immediate mobilization of all.



DEATHS - The findings are being published as they are known. The goal is to give transparency on the current status, as well as issuing guidelines for population and public network. The Ministry of Health was also notified on Friday (27), the Evandro Chagas Institute on two other deaths related to Zika virus. The analyzes indicate that this agent may have contributed to worsening of cases and deaths. This is the first link of death related to Zika virus in the world, which demonstrates a resemblance to dengue.

The first case was confirmed by the Evandro Chagas Institute in Bel?m (BA), this is a man with lupus history and chronic use of corticosteroids drugs, a resident of S?o Lu?s, Maranh?o. With suspected dengue, was held sample collection of blood and viscera fragments (brain, liver, spleen, kidney, lung and heart) and sent to the IEC. The laboratory tests showed negative for dengue. With RT-PCR, it was detected Zika virus genome in the blood and viscera.


Confirmed on Friday (27), the second case is a 16-year-old city of Benevides, Par?, who came to death in late October. With initial suspicion of dengue, notified on 6 October, she had headache, nausea and petechiae (red spots on the skin and mucous membranes). Blood collection was performed seven days after the onset of symptoms on 29 September. The test was positive for Zika, confirmed and repeated.

ACTIVITIES - The Ministry of Health has intensified the monitoring of the situation, as a priority, and disseminate guidelines for public and for the population, according to the results of the investigations. Ministry of Health teams are helping the states in investigations. In Pernambuco, the team remained almost a month in the field, from October 26 to November 24. In Rio Grande do Norte, technicians are in the field since the 25th of November, and in the states of Sergipe and Paraiba, the teams will arrive on Monday (30).
In addition, the Ministry of Health maintains contact with state and municipal departments to coordinate a joint response and, in particular, mobilize action against the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Expert committees support the Ministry of Health in epidemiological and laboratory analyzes and monitoring of cases.
The folder is deepening in the investigation of cases and accompany other analyzes that have been conducted by its research institutions and laboratories. The initial protocol for the care of possible worsening of Zika will be the same used for more severe cases of dengue.
This week, the federal government's invitation, representatives of the CDC (Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, in English), the United States will join the efforts of national authorities and partners in these analyzes.The CDC is a reference to the World Health Organization (WHO) in communicable diseases. WHO and its representation in the Americas, PAHO, have been updated on the progress of actions, the results and conclusions of the Ministry of Health.
Since the emergence of cases, the health ministry has sent to state health departments guidance on the notification process, surveillance and assistance to pregnant women and infants affected by microcephaly. This information is constantly updated.

INTERMINISTERIAL GROUP - The President of the Republic ordered the convening of the Ministerial Strategic Group for Emergency Public Health National and International Importance (GEI-PHEIC), involving 19 agencies and entities, to the national plan formulation combating transmission vector, the Aedes aegypti. They are also being stimulated research into the diagnosis and mobilization fronts in the most critical areas. There are plenty of financial resources to support the actions. The measures involve, finally, communication actions and support care, such as prenatal care, psychosocial care, physical therapy, support examinations and early stimulation of babies.


Managers and health professionals, the Ministry of Health advises that all cases of microcephaly are reported immediately through a message form. Also that the prevention and vector control in urban and peri-urban areas be strengthened, as set out in the National Guidelines National Dengue Control Program.

PREGNANT WOMEN - It is important that pregnant women keep monitoring and prenatal consultations, with the completion of all tests recommended by your doctor. The Ministry of Health reinforces the guidance of not consume alcohol or any other drugs, not use drugs without medical prescription and avoid contact with people with fever or infection.

It is also important that pregnant women adopt measures to reduce the presence of disease-transmitting mosquitoes by eliminating breeding sites, and protect themselves from mosquito exposure, keeping doors and windows closed or screened, wear pants and long-sleeved shirt and use repellents allowed for pregnant women.

The microcephaly is not a new grievance. It is a congenital malformation, in which the brain does not develop properly. In the current situation, the investigation of the cause is that has worried health authorities. In this case, babies are born with head circumference (HC) lower than normal and is usually exceeding 33 cm. This defect can be congenital effect of a number of factors from different sources, such as chemicals, biological agents (infectious) such as bacteria, viruses, and radiation.
MICROCEPHALY CASES IN RESEARCH
[TABLE="border: 1, cellpadding: 0, cellspacing: 0, width: 100%"]
[TR]
[TD="width: 220"]STATE[/TD]
[TD="width: 218"]
NUMBER OF CASES / 2015
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 220"]Pernambuco[/TD]
[TD="width: 218"]
646
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 220"]Para?ba[/TD]
[TD="width: 218"]
248
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 220"]large northern river[/TD]
[TD="width: 218"]
79
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 220"]Sergipe[/TD]
[TD="width: 218"]
77
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 220"]Alagoas[/TD]
[TD="width: 218"]
59
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 220"]Bahia[/TD]
[TD="width: 218"]
37
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 220"]Piau?[/TD]
[TD="width: 218"]
36
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 220"]Cear?[/TD]
[TD="width: 218"]
25
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 220"]Maranh?o[/TD]
[TD="width: 218"]
12
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 220"]Tocantins[/TD]
[TD="width: 218"]
12
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 220"]Rio de Janeiro[/TD]
[TD="width: 218"]
12
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 220"]Goi?s[/TD]
[TD="width: 218"]
2
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 220"]Federal District[/TD]
[TD="width: 218"]
1
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 220"]Mato Grosso do Sul[/TD]
[TD="width: 218"]
1
[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]
MICROCEPHALY NOTIFIED CASES PER YEAR IN FOURTEEN UF
[TABLE="border: 2, cellpadding: 0, cellspacing: 0, width: 100%"]
[TR]
[TD="width: 160"]UF[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]2010[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]2011[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]2012[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]2013[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]2014[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 160"]Pernambuco[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]7[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]5[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]9[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]10[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]12[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 160"]Para?ba[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]6[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]2[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]3[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]5[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]5[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 160"]large northern river[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]2[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]2[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]4[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"] [/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]1[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 160"]Sergipe[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]3[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]1[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]2[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"] [/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]2[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 160"]Alagoas[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]3[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]7[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]2[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]3[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]2[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 160"]Bahia[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]12[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]13[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]7[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]14[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]7[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 160"]Piau?[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]1[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"] [/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]4[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]4[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]6[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 160"]Cear?[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]8[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]4[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]9[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]5[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]7[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 160"]Maranh?o[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]3[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]2[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]6[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]2[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]2[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 160"]Tocantins[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]1[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"] [/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]1[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]4[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"] [/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 160"]Rio de Janeiro[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]10[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]15[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]8[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]19[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]10[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 160"]Goi?s[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]3[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]4[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]3[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]2[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]3[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 160"]Federal District[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]3[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]3[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]1[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]2[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]2[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 160"]Mato Grosso do Sul[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"] [/TD]
[TD="width: 78"] [/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]1[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"]3[/TD]
[TD="width: 78"] [/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]


MICROCEPHALY NOTIFIED CASES PER YEAR IN BRAZIL [TABLE="border: 2, cellpadding: 0, cellspacing: 0, width: 100%, height: 18"]
[TR]
[TD="width: 249"] [/TD]
[TD="width: 84"]
2010
[/TD]
[TD="width: 84"]
2011
[/TD]
[TD="width: 84"]
2012
[/TD]
[TD="width: 84"]
2013
[/TD]
[TD="width: 84"]
2014
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 249"]Brazil[/TD]
[TD="width: 84"]153[/TD]
[TD="width: 84"]139[/TD]
[TD="width: 84"]175[/TD]
[TD="width: 84"]167[/TD]
[TD="width: 84"]147[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]
 
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