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BC: human metapneumo virus outbreak in care home

Shiloh

Editor, Senior Moderator
Source: http://winnipegsun.com/News/Canada/2008/04/04/5193101.html
Mutation of the common cold linked to four deaths
57 others seriously ill at care home

VICTORIA, B.C. ? Four seniors died at a Nanaimo, B.C. care home earlier this year and 57 others developed serious respiratory infections as a mutation of the common cold swept through the facility.

The Vancouver Island Health Authority confirms an outbreak of human metapneumo virus, a recently discovered viral mutation, began Jan. 3 at Dufferin Place long-term care home.

It affected 61 of the 150 residents at the home over a six week period.

Bev Dobbyn, disease control manager for the health authority, says all the victims were elderly with chronic medical conditions, and the virus may have contributed to their deaths, but there?s no proof it was the cause.

Metapneumo virus was first identified in 2001 and has been linked to minor outbreaks at B.C. care homes and hospitals in 2006 and 2007, although it is most commonly found in children and causes irritation of the bronchial passages.

Rob Grey, whose mother is a long-time Dufferin Place resident, says the home provides excellent care, but he wonders why the health authority failed to provide more information about the severity of the outbreak.
 
Re: BC: human metapneumo virus outbreak in care home

Source: http://www.canada.com/victoriatimes...d=40b1de4d-48ff-41e6-a3b8-71963b25642c&k=4556

Virus linked to Nanaimo seniors' deaths identified
Children and elderly particularly susceptible to cold-like virus: MD

Cindy E. Harnett, Times Colonist
Published: Saturday, April 05, 2008

The mystery respiratory illness that swept through Nanaimo's Dufferin Place long-term care home making about 60 people ill and may have contributed to the death of four patients has been identified.

The Vancouver Island Health Authority confirmed this week the outbreak that infected almost half of the 150 patients was human metapneumovirus (hMPV). The respiratory illness produces cold-like symptoms and can, in some cases, be as nasty as the flu.

"It's the third most common virus we are finding from respiratory specimens ... after Influenza A and B," said Dr. Martin Petric, a clinical virologist at the B.C. Centre for Disease Control. "Generally in most people it presents like a bad cold but where we find a particular problem is in outbreaks like nursing homes. Like a bad cold. it can sometimes have the worst outcomes."

In Canada, exposure to hMPV is thought to be widespread and affects all age groups.

It has a particular impact on young children and the elderly -- who more often end up in hospital as a result, according to the Public Health Agency of Canada.

Respiratory illnesses such as the flu can be fatal in children, the elderly and those with chronic illnesses because of their weakened immune systems. The virus that hit Dufferin Place, first considered a mystery virus, was first officially identified in 2001.

"(hMPV) has been associated with fatal outcomes but not near as dramatic as influenza," Petric said. On average, about six residents die each month at Dufferin Place, according to VIHA spokeswoman Shannon Marshall, noting the four deaths were not out of the ordinary.

ceharnett@tc.canwest.com


? Times Colonist (Victoria) 2008
 
Re: BC: human metapneumo virus outbreak in care home

[Promed moderator Craig Pringle about article in the post #1]
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[The 1st sentence of this report is confusing in that it implies that a mutant of the common cold [virus] has been responsible for this outbreak, whereas the etiologic agent has been identified as Human metapneumovirus.

These 2 viruses are unrelated taxonomically. The common cold viruses are unenveloped viruses classified in the genus _Rhinovirus_ (family _Picornaviridae_), whereas Human metapneumovirus is an enveloped virus
classified in the genus _Pneumovirus_ (family _Paramyxoviridae_).

Although Human metapneumovirus has only recently been discovered, increasing diagnostic capability is defining it as an important human respiratory pathogen.

In 2001 van den Hoogen and colleagues, at the Erasmus Medical Center in Rotterdam, reported the discovery of a novel pneumovirus (a type of virus previously associated only with avians) present in young children with respiratory tract disease.

The virus was recovered from 28 children and identified as a tentative new member of the genus _Metapneumovirus_ of the sub-family _Pneumovirinae_ of the family _Paramyxoviridae_, based on virological data, sequence homology and gene organisation.

The clinical symptoms of the children from whom the human metapneumovirus was isolated were similar to those caused by respiratory syncytial virus infection, ranging from upper respiratory tract disease to severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia.

From serological studies they conclude that by the age of 5 years virtually all children in the Netherlands have been exposed to human
metapneumovirus and that the virus has been circulating in humans for at
least 50 years.

Subsequently the same virus was found to be equally prevalent worldwide.

The report from British Columbia is significant in that older people were affected and some deaths occurred.

The possible avian origin of this human pathogen is intriguing.

A total of 4 serotypes of Turkey rhinotracheitis virus (avian pneumovirus) are known and the recently discovered human metapneumovirus shows closest resemblance by phylogenetic analysis to avian pneumovirus type C, which has been found predominantly in domestic fowl in the USA.

The interactive HealthMap of Canada at <http://healthmap.org/promed?
v=55.4,-101.9,4> can be used to locate the province of British Columbia and Vancouver Island. - Mod.CP]

[see also:
Human metapneumovirus - Canada (02): SK, background 20080221.0706
Human metapneumovirus - Canada: SK 20080220.0692
2002
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Metapneumovirus, children - Finland 20021106.5731
Human metapneumovirus - Australia (02) 20020305.3691
....................cp/ejp/sh
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http://apex.oracle.com/pls/otn/f?p=..._BACK_PAGE,F2400_P1001_PUB_MAIL_ID:1000,72092
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