Avian influenza receptor expression in H5N1-infected and noninfected human tissues

[Anne]

<vardef> [SIZE=+1]http://www.fasebj.org/cgi/content/abstract/fj.06-7880comv1


Published online before print October 9, 2007 as doi: 10.1096/fj.06-7880com. [/SIZE]</vardef>

[SIZE=+1]Avian influenza receptor expression in H5N1-infected and noninfected human tissues [/SIZE]

[SIZE=+1] <nowrap> Lu Yao, <wbr>Christine Korteweg, <wbr>Wei Hsueh, <wbr> and Jiang Gu </nowrap> [/SIZE]
[SIZE=+1]E-mail contact: jianggu@bjmu.edu.cn[/SIZE]
<abs> </abs>
[SIZE=+1]Avian and human influenza viruses preferentially bind to

-2,3-linkedand

-2,6-linked sialic acids, respectively. Until today, thedistributions of these two receptor types had never been investigatedin H5N1-infected human tissue samples. Here, the expressionof avian (AIV-Rs) and human influenza receptors (HuIV-Rs) isstudied in various organs (upper and lower respiratory tracts,brain, placenta, liver, kidney, heart, intestines, and spleen)of two H5N1 cases and 14 control cases. Histochemical stainsusing biotinylated Maackia amurensis lectin II and Sambucusnigra agglutinin were performed to localize AIV-Rs and HuIV-Rs,respectively. Immunohistochemical stainings were performed toidentify the receptor-bearing cells. AIV-Rs were detected ontype II pneumocytes; a limited number of epithelial cells ofthe upper respiratory tract; and the bronchi, bronchioli, andtrachea; as well as on Kupffer cells, glomerular cells, splenicT cells, and neurons in the brain and intestines. HuIV-Rs wereabundantly present in the respiratory tract and lungs. Theywere also detected on Hofbauer cells, glomerular cells, splenicB cells, and in the liver. Moreover, endothelial cells of allorgans examined expressed both receptor types. In conclusion,the distribution pattern of AIV-Rs is partially inconsistentwith the pattern of infected cells as detected in previous studies,which suggests there may be other receptors or mechanisms involvedin H5N1 infection. In addition, the diffuse presence of receptorson endothelial cells may account for the multiple organ involvementin H5N1 influenza. Finally, the relative lack of AIV-Rs in theupper airway may be a one of the factors preventing efficienthuman-to-human transmission of H5N1 influenza. Yao, L., Korteweg,C., Hsueh, W., Gu, J. Avian influenza receptor expression inH5N1-infected and noninfected human tissues.[/SIZE]
[SIZE=+1] [/SIZE] [SIZE=+1] [/SIZE]

 

[cartski]

Re: Avian influenza receptor expression in H5N1-infected and noninfected human tissue

Re: Avian influenza receptor expression in H5N1-infected and noninfected human tissue

[. Finally, the relative lack of AIV-Rs in theupper airway may be a one of the factors preventing efficienthuman-to-human transmission of H5N1 influenza. [SIZE=+1] [/SIZE][/QUOTE]

Can the quantity of avian receptors in the upper airway be changed in any way? By environmental conditions for example?

J.

 

[Shannon Bennett]

Re: Avian influenza receptor expression in H5N1-infected and noninfected human tissue

Re: Avian influenza receptor expression in H5N1-infected and noninfected human tissue

Interesting question Cartski. We base our flu drugs on disrupting the Hemagglutinin and neuraminidase. In essence we dismantle the virus coat so it cannot enter or leave a hijacked cell. I suspect however, if we do the same to human cells we will interrupt vital processes necessary for life.