tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2020 Feb 7. doi: 10.1111/irv.12718. [Epub ahead of print] [h=1]Avian influenza at animal-human interface: One-health challenge in live poultry retail stalls of Chakwal, Pakistan.[/h]
Chaudhry M[SUP]1[/SUP], Webby R[SUP]2[/SUP], Swayne D[SUP]3[/SUP], Rashid HB[SUP]4[/SUP], DeBeauchamp J[SUP]2[/SUP], Killmaster L[SUP]3[/SUP], Criado MF[SUP]3[/SUP], Lee DH[SUP]3,[/SUP][SUP]5[/SUP], Webb A[SUP]2[/SUP], Yousaf S[SUP]1[/SUP], Asif M[SUP]1[/SUP], Ain QU[SUP]1[/SUP], Khan M[SUP]1[/SUP], Ilyas Khan M[SUP]1[/SUP], Hasan S[SUP]1[/SUP], Yousaf A[SUP]1[/SUP], Mushtaque A[SUP]1[/SUP], Bokhari SF[SUP]1[/SUP], Hasni MS[SUP]1[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]BACKGROUND:[/h] Live poultry retail stalls (LPRSs) are believed to be the source of human infection with avian influenza viruses (AIVs); however, little is known about epidemiology of these viruses in LPRSs of Pakistan.
[h=4]OBJECTIVES:[/h] The current study was conducted to estimate the virological and serological prevalence of AIVs in humans and poultry and associated risk factors among seropositive butchers.
[h=4]METHODS:[/h] A field survey of LPRSs of Chakwal District was conducted between December 2015 and March 2016. In total, 322 samples (sera = 161 and throat swab = 161) from butchers and 130 pooled oropharyngeal swabs and 100 sera from birds were collected. Baseline sera (n = 100) from general population were also tested. Data were collected by structured questionnaires. Sera were tested by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test further confirmed by micro-neutralization test (MN). Swabs were processed by real-time RT-PCR. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify risk factors.
[h=4]RESULTS:[/h] In butchers, 15.5% sera were positive for antibodies against H9 virus using a cutoff of ≥40 in HI titer; 6% sera from general population were positive for H9. Seroprevalence in poultry was 89%, and only 2.30% swabs were positive for H9. Presence of another LPRS nearby and the number of cages in the stall were risk factors (OR > 1) for H9 seroprevalence in butchers.
[h=4]CONCLUSIONS:[/h] This study provides evidence of co-circulation of H9 virus in poultry and exposure of butchers in the LPRSs, which poses a continued threat to public health. We suggest regular surveillance of AIVs in occupationally exposed butchers and birds in LPRSs.
? 2020 The Authors. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] H9N2; Pakistan; avian influenza; avian influenza viruses; birds; live bird market butchers; risk factors; seroprevalence; surveillance
PMID: 32032469 DOI: 10.1111/irv.12718
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Chaudhry M[SUP]1[/SUP], Webby R[SUP]2[/SUP], Swayne D[SUP]3[/SUP], Rashid HB[SUP]4[/SUP], DeBeauchamp J[SUP]2[/SUP], Killmaster L[SUP]3[/SUP], Criado MF[SUP]3[/SUP], Lee DH[SUP]3,[/SUP][SUP]5[/SUP], Webb A[SUP]2[/SUP], Yousaf S[SUP]1[/SUP], Asif M[SUP]1[/SUP], Ain QU[SUP]1[/SUP], Khan M[SUP]1[/SUP], Ilyas Khan M[SUP]1[/SUP], Hasan S[SUP]1[/SUP], Yousaf A[SUP]1[/SUP], Mushtaque A[SUP]1[/SUP], Bokhari SF[SUP]1[/SUP], Hasni MS[SUP]1[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]BACKGROUND:[/h] Live poultry retail stalls (LPRSs) are believed to be the source of human infection with avian influenza viruses (AIVs); however, little is known about epidemiology of these viruses in LPRSs of Pakistan.
[h=4]OBJECTIVES:[/h] The current study was conducted to estimate the virological and serological prevalence of AIVs in humans and poultry and associated risk factors among seropositive butchers.
[h=4]METHODS:[/h] A field survey of LPRSs of Chakwal District was conducted between December 2015 and March 2016. In total, 322 samples (sera = 161 and throat swab = 161) from butchers and 130 pooled oropharyngeal swabs and 100 sera from birds were collected. Baseline sera (n = 100) from general population were also tested. Data were collected by structured questionnaires. Sera were tested by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test further confirmed by micro-neutralization test (MN). Swabs were processed by real-time RT-PCR. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify risk factors.
[h=4]RESULTS:[/h] In butchers, 15.5% sera were positive for antibodies against H9 virus using a cutoff of ≥40 in HI titer; 6% sera from general population were positive for H9. Seroprevalence in poultry was 89%, and only 2.30% swabs were positive for H9. Presence of another LPRS nearby and the number of cages in the stall were risk factors (OR > 1) for H9 seroprevalence in butchers.
[h=4]CONCLUSIONS:[/h] This study provides evidence of co-circulation of H9 virus in poultry and exposure of butchers in the LPRSs, which poses a continued threat to public health. We suggest regular surveillance of AIVs in occupationally exposed butchers and birds in LPRSs.
? 2020 The Authors. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] H9N2; Pakistan; avian influenza; avian influenza viruses; birds; live bird market butchers; risk factors; seroprevalence; surveillance
PMID: 32032469 DOI: 10.1111/irv.12718
Free full text