tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses
. 2021 Feb 18.
doi: 10.1089/AID.2020.0284. Online ahead of print.
HIV and SARS-CoV-2 Co-infection: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Challenges
Raj H Patel[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Arpan Acharya[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Hitendra S Chand[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Mahesh Mohan[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Siddappa N Byrareddy[SUP] 6 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Objectives The concurrence of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19, presents an intriguing problem with many uncertainties underlying their pathogenesis. Despite over a 96.2 million cases of COVID-19 worldwide as of January 22nd, 2021, reports of patients co-infected with HIV and SARS-CoV-2 are scarce. It remains unknown whether HIV patients are at a greater risk of infection from SARS-CoV-2, despite the immunocompromised status. We present a systematic review of the literature reporting cases of HIV and SARS-CoV-2 co-infection and examine trends of clinical outcomes among co-infected patients. Methods We systematically compiled 63 reports of HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 co-infection, published as of January 22nd, 2021. These studies were retrieved through targeted search terms applied to PubMed/Medline and manual search. Results Despite scattered evidence, reports indicate a favorable prognosis for HIV patients with strict adherence to cART. However, the presence of comorbidities was associated with a poorer prognosis in HIV/SARS-CoV-2 patients, despite cART and viral suppression. Studies were limited by geographic coverage, small sample size, lack of patient details, and short follow-up durations. Conclusions Although some anti-HIV drugs have shown promising in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-2, there is no conclusive evidence of the clinical efficacy of any anti-HIV drug in the treatment of COVID-19. Further research is needed to explain the underrepresentation of severe COVID-19 cases among the HIV patient population and to explore the possible protective mechanisms of cART in this vulnerable population.
. 2021 Feb 18.
doi: 10.1089/AID.2020.0284. Online ahead of print.
HIV and SARS-CoV-2 Co-infection: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Challenges
Raj H Patel[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Arpan Acharya[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Hitendra S Chand[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Mahesh Mohan[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Siddappa N Byrareddy[SUP] 6 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 33599163
- DOI: 10.1089/AID.2020.0284
Abstract
Objectives The concurrence of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19, presents an intriguing problem with many uncertainties underlying their pathogenesis. Despite over a 96.2 million cases of COVID-19 worldwide as of January 22nd, 2021, reports of patients co-infected with HIV and SARS-CoV-2 are scarce. It remains unknown whether HIV patients are at a greater risk of infection from SARS-CoV-2, despite the immunocompromised status. We present a systematic review of the literature reporting cases of HIV and SARS-CoV-2 co-infection and examine trends of clinical outcomes among co-infected patients. Methods We systematically compiled 63 reports of HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 co-infection, published as of January 22nd, 2021. These studies were retrieved through targeted search terms applied to PubMed/Medline and manual search. Results Despite scattered evidence, reports indicate a favorable prognosis for HIV patients with strict adherence to cART. However, the presence of comorbidities was associated with a poorer prognosis in HIV/SARS-CoV-2 patients, despite cART and viral suppression. Studies were limited by geographic coverage, small sample size, lack of patient details, and short follow-up durations. Conclusions Although some anti-HIV drugs have shown promising in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-2, there is no conclusive evidence of the clinical efficacy of any anti-HIV drug in the treatment of COVID-19. Further research is needed to explain the underrepresentation of severe COVID-19 cases among the HIV patient population and to explore the possible protective mechanisms of cART in this vulnerable population.