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morbillivirus - humans/whales/horses/harbor seals/dolphins/swine

AlaskaDenise

AlaskaDenise

In Memoriam
I met a whale researcher who was a victim of this disease. Her work entails cutting open dead whales and doing DNA sequencing. She even knows the whale she caught it from. :D

It's another paramyxovirus. (like rinderpest, measles, etc.)

It was not seen in marine mammals until 1988.

It has caused mass dieoffs of the striped dolphins in the Mediterranean.

Different versions specific to certain species are known as Hendra and Nipah viruses.

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Re: morbillivirus - humans/whales/horses/harbor seals/dolphins/swine

<TABLE class=body cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0><TBODY><TR><TD class=title6>Morbillivirus:</TD></TR><TR><TD class=para><TABLE class=body width="100%" border=0><TBODY><TR><TD class=para2>Phocid seals are susceptible to canine distemper virus ( Canine Distemper: Introduction) and to a closely related but distinct morbillivirus (phocine distemper virus [PDV]). Generally, young seals are affected and show depression, anorexia, crusting conjunctivitis, nasal discharge, and dyspnea. Pneumonia develops and mortality can be high in previously unexposed animals. Outbreaks in wild harbor seals have been extensive in the North Sea. Seals vaccinated with canine distemper vaccine have been rendered immune to challenge with the virus (suspension of organ material) obtained from dead wild seals. Deaths of seals in Lake Baikal, Russia, in 1987 were due to canine distemper virus.</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><TABLE class=body width="100%" border=0><TBODY><TR><TD class=para2>A delphinoid distemper virus (cetacean morbillivirus [CMV]), closely related to rinderpest ( Rinderpest: Introduction) and peste des petits ruminants ( Peste Des Petits Ruminants: Introduction), has been implicated in the deaths of harbor porpoises and common dolphins off the coast of the UK, striped dolphins in the Mediterranean, and bottlenose dolphins in the western Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico. Pilot whale calves, white-beaked dolphins ( Laegenorhynchus albirostris ), harp seals, hooded seals ( Cystophora cristata ), and Mediterranean monk seals ( Monachus monachus ) have been affected by PDV and/or CMV infections. Harp seals and pilot whales have been incriminated as apparent reservoirs in the wild of PDV and CMV, respectively.</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><TABLE class=body width="100%" border=0><TBODY><TR><TD class=para2>Therapy is supportive. Mortality in naive populations is high, often due to secondary infections facilitated by the immunosuppressive impact of active morbillivirus infection. Vaccination with a subunit vaccine is practiced in European rescue centers and appears to be protective, but this approach has not been applied in North America, in large part due to lack of availability of the appropriate vaccine.

http://www.merckvetmanual.com/mvm/index.jsp?cfile=htm/bc/170811.htm
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