Re: LPAI H5N2 in W. Virginia
Low pathogenic avian influenza (poultry), United States of America Information received on 03/04/2007 from Mr Peter Fernandez, Head, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
Summary
<table class="rep_table" border="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Report type</td> <td class="rep_data">Immediate notification</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Start date</td> <td class="rep_data">30/03/2007</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Date of confirmation of event</td> <td class="rep_data">31/03/2007</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Report date</td> <td class="rep_data">03/04/2007</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Date submitted to OIE</td> <td class="rep_data">03/04/2007</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Reason for notification</td> <td class="rep_data">Reoccurrence of a listed disease</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Date of previous occurrence</td> <td class="rep_data">2002</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Manifestation of disease</td> <td class="rep_data">Sub-clinical infection</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Causal agent</td> <td class="rep_data">Low pathogenic avian influenza virus</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Serotype</td> <td class="rep_data">H5N2</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Nature of diagnosis</td> <td class="rep_data">Laboratory (basic), Laboratory (advanced)</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Report pertains to</td> <td class="rep_data">Defined zone within the country</td></tr></tbody></table> New outbreaks <table class="rep_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_item_ob" width="200">Summary of outbreaks</td> <td class="rep_data_ob">Total outbreaks: 1</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Outbreak Location</td> <td class="rep_data">
- WEST VIRGINIA (Pendleton county, Pendleton)
</td></tr><tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Total animals affected</td> <td> <table class="rep_sub_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="20%">Species</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="16%">Susceptible</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="16%">Cases</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="16%">Deaths</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="16%">Destroyed</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="16%">Slaughtered</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Birds</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">25600</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">
</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">0</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">25600</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">0</td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr><tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Outbreak statistics</td> <td class="rep_data"> <table class="rep_sub_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="20%">Species</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="20%">Apparent morbidity rate</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="20%">Apparent mortality rate</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="20%">Apparent case fatality rate</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="20%">Proportion susceptible removed* </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Birds</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">0.00%</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">0.00%</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">-</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">100.00%</td></tr></tbody></table>* Removed from the susceptible population either through death, destruction or slaughter</td></tr></tbody></table>
Epidemiology <table class="rep_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Source of infection</td> <td class="rep_data">
</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Epidemiological comments</td> <td class="rep_data">-The samples were collected from a commercial turkey flock as part of routine, pre-slaughter surveillance.
-There were no signs of illness or increased mortality in the flock.
-These turkeys were scheduled to be slaughtered the week of 3-5 April 2007.
-The virus isolated has been typed as an H5N2 subtype, and evidence to date shows it to be a low pathogenic strain. Real-time PCR results pending.
-State animal health officials have quarantined the affected premises (on 1 April 2007).
-Enhanced biosecurity measures have been implemented and include movement control of vehicles, equipment and personnel, and prohibiting all bird movement.
-Increased surveillance on all flocks within a 6 mile (about 10 Km) radius will be conducted.
-Additional testing at National Veterinary Services Laboratories is currently being conducted and results are pending.
The last occurrence of low pathogenic notifiable avian influenza in this zone was in 2002. At that time, a H7N2 virus subtype was detected.
Note by the OIE Animal Health Information Department: H5 and H7 avian influenza in its low pathogenic form in poultry is a notifiable disease as per Chapter 2.7.12. on avian influenza of the Terrestrial Animal Health Code.
</td></tr></tbody></table>
Control measures <table class="rep_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Measures already applied</td> <td class="rep_data">
- Movement control inside the country
- Quarantine
- Stamping out
- Vaccination prohibited
- No treatment of affected animals
</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Measures to be applied</td> <td class="rep_data">
- Disinfection of infected premises/establishment(s)
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Diagnostic test results <table class="rep_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Laboratory name and type</td> <td class="rep_data">Moorefield West Virginia Laboratory (Local laboratory)</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Tests and results</td> <td> <table class="rep_sub_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="35%">Species</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="40%">Test</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="15%">Test date</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="10%">Result</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Birds</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">agar-gel immunodiffusion (AGID)</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">30/03/2007</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">Positive</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Laboratory name and type</td> <td class="rep_data">National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) (National laboratory)</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Tests and results</td> <td> <table class="rep_sub_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="35%">Species</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="40%">Test</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="15%">Test date</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="10%">Result</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Birds</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">haemagglutination inhibition test (HIT)</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">31/03/2007</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">Positive</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Birds</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">neuraminidase inhibition assay </td> <td class="rep_sub_data">31/03/2007</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">Positive</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Laboratory name and type</td> <td class="rep_data">Harrisonburg Virginia Laboratory (Private Laboratory)</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Tests and results</td> <td> <table class="rep_sub_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="35%">Species</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="40%">Test</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="15%">Test date</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="10%">Result</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Birds</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">agar-gel immunodiffusion (AGID)</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">30/03/2007</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">Positive</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Birds</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">real-time PCR</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">30/03/2007</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">Positive</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>
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