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ACS Appl Bio Mater . Influenza A Viruses Enter Host Cells via Extracellular Ca 2+ Influx-Involved Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis

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  • ACS Appl Bio Mater . Influenza A Viruses Enter Host Cells via Extracellular Ca 2+ Influx-Involved Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis


    ACS Appl Bio Mater


    . 2021 Mar 15;4(3):2044-2051.
    doi: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00968. Epub 2021 Jan 8.
    Influenza A Viruses Enter Host Cells via Extracellular Ca 2+ Influx-Involved Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis


    Meng-Ni Bao 1 , Li-Juan Zhang 1 , Bo Tang 1 , Dan-Dan Fu 1 , Jing Li 1 , Lei Du 1 , Yi-Ning Hou 1 , Zhi-Ling Zhang 1 , Hong-Wu Tang 1 , Dai-Wen Pang 1 2



    Affiliations

    Abstract

    Influenza A virus (IAV) is internalized into its host cells by endocytosis, which involves many cellular proteins and molecules. In this study, we focus on the function of calcium ion (Ca2+) in IAV endocytosis. We have found that IAV infection is accompanied by the increase in concentration of cytosolic Ca2+, which is mainly attributed to the influx of extracellular Ca2+. When Ca2+ influx is abolished, IAV internalization will be markedly suppressed, but the virus attachment to its host cells will be unaffected. Extracellular Ca2+ influx is essential to the clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) of IAVs but dispensable to the clathrin-independent endocytosis of the virus and is dispensable to the CME of transferrin or low-density lipoprotein as a control. Ca2+ influx might participate in the dynamin-promoted membrane fission in the CME of IAVs. Our study highlights that IAVs enter host cells via extracellular Ca2+ influx-involved clathrin- and dynamin-dependent endocytosis, which will facilitate better understanding of IAV infection and development of anti-influenza drugs.

    Keywords: Ca2+; clathrin; endocytosis; infection; influenza A virus.

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