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Cell Rep
. 2025 Feb 3;44(2):115248.
doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115248. Online ahead of print. Myofibroblasts emerge during alveolar regeneration following influenza-virus-induced lung injury
Ali Khadim 1 , Georgios Kiliaris 1 , Ana Ivonne Vazquez-Armendariz 2 , Tara Procida-Kowalski 3 , David Glaser 3 , Marek Bartkuhn 3 , Tanya Malik 1 , Xuran Chu 4 , Alena Moiseenko 5 , Irina Kuznetsova 1 , Negah Ahmadvand 6 , Arun Lingampally 7 , Stefan Hadzic 8 , Ioannis Alexopoulos 1 , Yuexin Chen 9 , Andreas Günther 8 , Jürgen Behr 10 , Jens Neumann 11 , Herbert B Schiller 9 , Xiaokun Li 12 , Norbert Weissmann 8 , Thomas Braun 13 , Werner Seeger 14 , Malgorzata Wygrecka 8 , Rory E Morty 15 , Susanne Herold 1 , Elie El Agha 16
Affiliations
Alveolar regeneration requires the coordinated engagement of epithelial stem cells and mesenchymal niche cells to restore the intricate alveolar architecture of the lung. The current paradigm is that certain aspects of lung organogenesis are mimicked during injury repair in the adult stage. Here, we employ a longitudinal single-cell transcriptomic survey to fate map lung mesenchymal cells throughout development and adulthood. We show that myofibroblasts that are reminiscent of developmental alveolar myofibroblasts (AMFs), termed AMF-like cells, are activated during alveolar regeneration following influenza-virus-induced lung injury. Although AMF-like cells share a similar transcriptomic signature with myofibroblasts that are associated with aberrant repair and fibrosis, these cells do not derive from fibroblast growth factor 10-positive alveolar fibroblasts, and their dysregulation is associated with failed alveolar regeneration in humans. Our data emphasize the role played by developmental mechanisms in alveolar regeneration and highlight the context-dependent nature of myofibroblast biology and function during injury repair.
Keywords: CP: Stem cell research; alveolar myofibroblasts; alveolar regeneration; fate mapping; influenza virus; mesenchymal niche cells; single-cell transcriptomics.
. 2025 Feb 3;44(2):115248.
doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115248. Online ahead of print. Myofibroblasts emerge during alveolar regeneration following influenza-virus-induced lung injury
Ali Khadim 1 , Georgios Kiliaris 1 , Ana Ivonne Vazquez-Armendariz 2 , Tara Procida-Kowalski 3 , David Glaser 3 , Marek Bartkuhn 3 , Tanya Malik 1 , Xuran Chu 4 , Alena Moiseenko 5 , Irina Kuznetsova 1 , Negah Ahmadvand 6 , Arun Lingampally 7 , Stefan Hadzic 8 , Ioannis Alexopoulos 1 , Yuexin Chen 9 , Andreas Günther 8 , Jürgen Behr 10 , Jens Neumann 11 , Herbert B Schiller 9 , Xiaokun Li 12 , Norbert Weissmann 8 , Thomas Braun 13 , Werner Seeger 14 , Malgorzata Wygrecka 8 , Rory E Morty 15 , Susanne Herold 1 , Elie El Agha 16
Affiliations
- PMID: 39903667
- DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115248
Alveolar regeneration requires the coordinated engagement of epithelial stem cells and mesenchymal niche cells to restore the intricate alveolar architecture of the lung. The current paradigm is that certain aspects of lung organogenesis are mimicked during injury repair in the adult stage. Here, we employ a longitudinal single-cell transcriptomic survey to fate map lung mesenchymal cells throughout development and adulthood. We show that myofibroblasts that are reminiscent of developmental alveolar myofibroblasts (AMFs), termed AMF-like cells, are activated during alveolar regeneration following influenza-virus-induced lung injury. Although AMF-like cells share a similar transcriptomic signature with myofibroblasts that are associated with aberrant repair and fibrosis, these cells do not derive from fibroblast growth factor 10-positive alveolar fibroblasts, and their dysregulation is associated with failed alveolar regeneration in humans. Our data emphasize the role played by developmental mechanisms in alveolar regeneration and highlight the context-dependent nature of myofibroblast biology and function during injury repair.
Keywords: CP: Stem cell research; alveolar myofibroblasts; alveolar regeneration; fate mapping; influenza virus; mesenchymal niche cells; single-cell transcriptomics.