Nature
. 2020 Sep 23.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2787-6. Online ahead of print.
Animal models for COVID-19
C?sar Mu?oz-Fontela 1 , William E Dowling 2 , Simon G P Funnell 3 , Pierre-S Gsell 4 , Ximena Riveros Balta 4 , Randy A Albrecht 5 , Hanne Andersen 6 , Ralph S Baric 7 , Miles W Carroll 3 , Marco Cavaleri 8 , Chuan Qin 9 , Ian Crozier 10 , Kai Dallmeier 11 , Leon de Waal 12 , Emmie de Wit 13 , Leen Delang 11 , Erik Dohm 14 , W Paul Duprex 15 , Darryl Falzarano 16 , Courtney L Finch 17 , Matthew B Frieman 18 , Barney S Graham 19 , Lisa Gralinski 20 , Kate Guilfoyle 12 , Bart L Haagmans 21 , Geraldine A Hamilton 22 , Amy L Hartman 15 , Sander Herfst 21 , Suzanne J F Kaptein 11 , William Klimstra 23 , Ivana Knezevic 4 , Phillip R Krause 24 , Jens H Kuhn 17 , Roger Le Grand 25 , Mark Lewis 6 , Wen-Chun Liu 5 , Pauline Maisonnasse 24 , Anita K McElroy 26 , Vincent Munster 13 , Nadia Oreshkova 27 , Angela L Rasmussen 28 , Joana Rocha-Pereira 11 , Barry Rockx 21 , Estefan?a Rodr?guez 1 , Thomas Rogers 29 , Francisco J Salguero 3 , Michael Schotsaert 5 , Koert Stittelaar 12 , Hendrik Jan Thibaut 11 , Chien-Te Tseng 30 , J?lia Vergara-Alert 31 , Martin Beer 32 , Trevor Brasel 30 , Jasper F W Chan 33 , Adolfo Garc?a-Sastre 5 , Johan Neyts 11 , Stanley Perlman 34 , Douglas S Reed 15 , Juergen A Richt 35 , Chad J Roy 36 , Joaquim Segal?s 31 , Seshadri S Vasan 37 38 , Ana Mar?a Henao-Restrepo 39 , Dan H Barouch 40
Affiliations
- PMID: 32967005
- DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2787-6
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiological agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an emerging respiratory infection caused by introduction of a novel coronavirus into humans in late 2019 in China's Hubei province. As of September 11, 2020, SARS-CoV-2 has spread to 215 countries, has infected more than 28 million people, and has caused more than 910,000 deaths. Since humans do not have pre-existing immunity against SARS-CoV-2, there is an urgent need to develop therapeutics and vaccines to mitigate the current pandemic and to prevent the re-emergence of COVID-19 in the future. In February 2020 the World Health Organization (WHO) assembled an international panel of experts to develop animal models for COVID-19 to accelerate testing of vaccines and therapeutics. This review summarizes the findings to date and provides relevant information for preclinical testing of COVID-19 vaccine candidates and therapeutics.