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Sci Adv
. 2024 Sep 27;10(39):eadq7006.
doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adq7006. Epub 2024 Sep 27. Systemic dysregulation and molecular insights into poor influenza vaccine response in the aging population
Saumya Kumar 1 2 , Martijn Zoodsma 1 2 , Nhan Nguyen 1 2 , Rodrigo Pedroso 3 , Stephanie Trittel 4 , Peggy Riese 4 , Javier Botey-Bataller 1 2 5 , Liang Zhou 1 2 , Ahmed Alaswad 1 2 , Haroon Arshad 2 , Mihai G Netea 5 6 , Cheng-Jian Xu 1 2 5 , Frank Pessler 1 7 , Carlos A Guzmán 1 4 , Luis Graca 3 , Yang Li 1 2 5 8 9
Affiliations
Vaccination-induced protection against influenza is greatly diminished and increasingly heterogeneous with age. We investigated longitudinally (up to five time points) a cohort of 234 vaccinated >65-year-old vaccinees with adjuvanted vaccine FluAd across two independent seasons. System-level analyses of multiomics datasets measuring six modalities and serological data revealed that poor responders lacked time-dependent changes in response to vaccination as observed in responders, suggestive of systemic dysregulation in poor responders. Multiomics integration revealed key molecules and their likely role in vaccination response. High prevaccination plasma interleukin-15 (IL-15) concentrations negatively associated with antibody production, further supported by experimental validation in mice revealing an IL-15-driven natural killer cell axis explaining the suppressive role in vaccine-induced antibody production as observed in poor responders. We propose a subset of long-chain fatty acids as modulators of persistent inflammation in poor responders. Our findings provide a potential link between low-grade chronic inflammation and poor vaccination response and open avenues for possible pharmacological interventions to enhance vaccine responses.
. 2024 Sep 27;10(39):eadq7006.
doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adq7006. Epub 2024 Sep 27. Systemic dysregulation and molecular insights into poor influenza vaccine response in the aging population
Saumya Kumar 1 2 , Martijn Zoodsma 1 2 , Nhan Nguyen 1 2 , Rodrigo Pedroso 3 , Stephanie Trittel 4 , Peggy Riese 4 , Javier Botey-Bataller 1 2 5 , Liang Zhou 1 2 , Ahmed Alaswad 1 2 , Haroon Arshad 2 , Mihai G Netea 5 6 , Cheng-Jian Xu 1 2 5 , Frank Pessler 1 7 , Carlos A Guzmán 1 4 , Luis Graca 3 , Yang Li 1 2 5 8 9
Affiliations
- PMID: 39331702
- DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adq7006
Vaccination-induced protection against influenza is greatly diminished and increasingly heterogeneous with age. We investigated longitudinally (up to five time points) a cohort of 234 vaccinated >65-year-old vaccinees with adjuvanted vaccine FluAd across two independent seasons. System-level analyses of multiomics datasets measuring six modalities and serological data revealed that poor responders lacked time-dependent changes in response to vaccination as observed in responders, suggestive of systemic dysregulation in poor responders. Multiomics integration revealed key molecules and their likely role in vaccination response. High prevaccination plasma interleukin-15 (IL-15) concentrations negatively associated with antibody production, further supported by experimental validation in mice revealing an IL-15-driven natural killer cell axis explaining the suppressive role in vaccine-induced antibody production as observed in poor responders. We propose a subset of long-chain fatty acids as modulators of persistent inflammation in poor responders. Our findings provide a potential link between low-grade chronic inflammation and poor vaccination response and open avenues for possible pharmacological interventions to enhance vaccine responses.