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Vaccines (Basel)
. 2021 Sep 28;9(10):1095.
doi: 10.3390/vaccines9101095.
The Epidemiological and Economic Impact of a Cell-Based Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine in Adults in the US: A Dynamic Modeling Approach
Van **** Nguyen 1 , Yvonne Hilsky 2 , Joaquin Mould-Quevedo 2
Affiliations
- PMID: 34696203
- DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9101095
Abstract
Mutations of the H3N2 vaccine strain during the egg-based vaccine manufacturing process partly explain the suboptimal effectiveness of traditional seasonal influenza vaccines. Cell-based influenza vaccines improve antigenic match and vaccine effectiveness by avoiding such egg-adaptation. This study evaluated the public health and economic impact of a cell-based quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIVc) in adults (18-64 years) compared to the standard egg-based quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIVe) in the US. The impact of QIVc over QIVe in public health and cost outcomes was estimated using a dynamic age-structured SEIR transmission model, which accounted for four circulating influenza strains [A/H1N1pdm9, A/H3N2, B(Victoria), and B(Yamagata)] and was calibrated on the 2013-2018 influenza seasons. The robustness of the results was assessed in univariate and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Switching from QIVe to QIVc in 18- to 64-year-olds may prevent 5.7 million symptomatic cases, 1.8 million outpatient visits, 50,000 hospitalizations, and 5453 deaths annually. The switch could save 128,000 Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) and US $ 845 M in direct costs, resulting in cost-savings in a three-year time horizon analysis. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the cost-saving result. The analysis shows that QIVc is expected to prevent hospitalizations and deaths, and result in substantial savings in healthcare costs.
Keywords: United States; cell-based influenza vaccine 5; cost-effectiveness 3; influenza 2; quadrivalent influenza vaccine 4.