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J Gen Virol. 2010 Feb 10. [Epub ahead of print]
The effect of inactivation method on the cross-protective immunity induced by whole 'killed' influenza A viruses and commercial vaccine preparations.
Furuya Y, Regner M, Lobigs M, Koskinen A, Mullbacher A, Alsharifi M.
Australian National University;
AbstractWe have recently shown that intranasal administration of gamma-irradiated A/PR/8 [A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1)] protects mice against lethal avian flu A/Vietnam/1203/2004 [H5N1] and other heterosubtypic influenza A infections. Here, we used gamma-irradiated, formalin-, and UV-inactivated A/PC [A/Port Chalmers/1/73 (H3N2)] virus preparations and compared their ability to induce both homologous and heterosubtypic protective immunity. Our data show that in contrast to intranasal vaccination with formalin- or UV-inactivated virus, or the present commercially available trivalent influenza vaccine, a single dose of gamma-ray inactivated A/PC (gamma-A/PC) conferred significant protection in mice against both homologous and heterosubtypic virus challenges. A multiple immunization regime was required for formalin-inactivated virus preparations to induce protective immunity against a homotypic virus challenge, but did not induce influenza/A strain cross-protective immunity. The highly immunogenic gamma-A/PC, but not formalin- or UV-inactivated A/PC, nor the currently available subvirion vaccine, elicited cytotoxic T cell responses that are most likely responsible for the cross protective and long-lasting immunity against highly lethal influenza A infections in mice. Finally, freeze-drying of gamma-A/PC did not affect the ability to induce cross-protective immunity.
The effect of inactivation method on the cross-protective immunity induced by whole 'killed' influenza A viruses and commercial vaccine preparations.
Furuya Y, Regner M, Lobigs M, Koskinen A, Mullbacher A, Alsharifi M.
Australian National University;
AbstractWe have recently shown that intranasal administration of gamma-irradiated A/PR/8 [A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1)] protects mice against lethal avian flu A/Vietnam/1203/2004 [H5N1] and other heterosubtypic influenza A infections. Here, we used gamma-irradiated, formalin-, and UV-inactivated A/PC [A/Port Chalmers/1/73 (H3N2)] virus preparations and compared their ability to induce both homologous and heterosubtypic protective immunity. Our data show that in contrast to intranasal vaccination with formalin- or UV-inactivated virus, or the present commercially available trivalent influenza vaccine, a single dose of gamma-ray inactivated A/PC (gamma-A/PC) conferred significant protection in mice against both homologous and heterosubtypic virus challenges. A multiple immunization regime was required for formalin-inactivated virus preparations to induce protective immunity against a homotypic virus challenge, but did not induce influenza/A strain cross-protective immunity. The highly immunogenic gamma-A/PC, but not formalin- or UV-inactivated A/PC, nor the currently available subvirion vaccine, elicited cytotoxic T cell responses that are most likely responsible for the cross protective and long-lasting immunity against highly lethal influenza A infections in mice. Finally, freeze-drying of gamma-A/PC did not affect the ability to induce cross-protective immunity.