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Nat.Commun. Interaction between the nasal microbiota and S. pneumoniae in the context of live-attenuated influenza vaccine

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  • Nat.Commun. Interaction between the nasal microbiota and S. pneumoniae in the context of live-attenuated influenza vaccine

    Nat Commun. 2019 Jul 5;10(1):2981. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-10814-9.
    Interaction between the nasal microbiota and S. pneumoniae in the context of live-attenuated influenza vaccine.

    de Steenhuijsen Piters WAA1,2,3, Jochems SP4, Mitsi E4, Rylance J4, Pojar S4, Nikolaou E4, German EL4, Holloway M4, Carniel BF4, Chu MLJN1,2, Arp K1,2, Sanders EAM1, Ferreira DM4, Bogaert D5,6,7.
    Author information

    Abstract

    Streptococcus pneumoniae is the main bacterial pathogen involved in pneumonia. Pneumococcal acquisition and colonization density is probably affected by viral co-infections, the local microbiome composition and mucosal immunity. Here, we report the interactions between live-attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV), successive pneumococcal challenge, and the healthy adult nasal microbiota and mucosal immunity using an experimental human challenge model. Nasal microbiota profiles at baseline are associated with consecutive pneumococcal carriage outcome (non-carrier, low-dense and high-dense pneumococcal carriage), independent of LAIV co-administration. Corynebacterium/Dolosigranulum-dominated profiles are associated with low-density colonization. Lowest rates of natural viral co-infection at baseline and post-LAIV influenza replication are detected in the low-density carriers. Also, we detected the fewest microbiota perturbations and mucosal cytokine responses in the low-density carriers compared to non-carriers or high-density carriers. These results indicate that the complete respiratory ecosystem affects pneumococcal behaviour following challenge, with low-density carriage representing the most stable ecological state.


    PMID: 31278315 PMCID: PMC6611866 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10814-9
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