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J Infect Dis. 2015 Mar 17. pii: jiv177. [Epub ahead of print]
Integrated sentinel surveillance linking genetic, antigenic and epidemiologic monitoring of influenza vaccine-virus relatedness and effectiveness, 2013-14 season.
Skowronski DM1, Chambers C2, Sabaiduc S2, De Serres G3, Winter AL4, Dickinson JA5, Gubbay J6, Fonseca K7, Charest H8, Krajden M9, Petric M10, Mahmud SM11, Van Caeseele P12, Bastien N13, Eshaghi A4, Li Y14.
Author information
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Canada's Sentinel Physician Surveillance Network (SPSN) links genetic, antigenic and vaccine effectiveness (VE) measures in an integrated platform of influenza monitoring, described here for the 2013-14 season of resurgent A(H1N1)pdm09 and late-season influenza B activity.
METHODS:
VE was estimated as [1-OddsRatio]x100% comparing vaccination status between influenza test-positive cases and test-negative controls. Vaccine-virus relatedness was assessed by genomic sequence analysis and hemagglutination-inhibition assay.
RESULTS:
Analyses included 1037 controls (33%vaccinated) and 663 cases (15%vaccinated): 415 A(H1N1)pdm09, 15 A(H3N2), 191 B/Yamagata-lineage, 6 B/Victoria-lineage, 36 unknown subtype/lineage. A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses belonged to clade-6B, distinguished by a K163Q substitution, but remained antigenically-similar to A/California/07/2009-like vaccine with adjusted-VE of 71%(95%CI=58-80%). Most (83%) B/Yamagata-lineage viruses clustered phylogenetically with the prior 2012-13 season's B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like clade-3 vaccine-strain while only 17% clustered with the current 2013-14 season's B/Massachusetts/02/2012-like clade-2 vaccine-strain. B/Yamagata-lineage adjusted-VE was 73%(95%CI=56-83%), lower with partial calendar-time adjustment for clade-mismatched B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like (VE=63%;95%CI=41-77%) versus clade-matched B/Massachusetts/02/2012-like (VE=88%;95%CI=48-97%) viruses. No H3N2 viruses clustered with the A/Texas/50/2012-like clade-3C.1 vaccine-strain, and more than half were antigenically-mismatched but sparse data did not support VE.
CONCLUSIONS:
VE corresponded with antigenically-conserved A(H1N1)pdm09 and lineage-matched B/Yamagata viruses with clade-level variation. Surveillance linking genotypic, phenotypic and epidemiologic measures of vaccine-virus relatedness and effectiveness could better inform predictions of vaccine performance and reformulation.
? The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
PMID: 25784728 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Integrated sentinel surveillance linking genetic, antigenic and epidemiologic monitoring of influenza vaccine-virus relatedness and effectiveness, 2013-14 season.
Skowronski DM1, Chambers C2, Sabaiduc S2, De Serres G3, Winter AL4, Dickinson JA5, Gubbay J6, Fonseca K7, Charest H8, Krajden M9, Petric M10, Mahmud SM11, Van Caeseele P12, Bastien N13, Eshaghi A4, Li Y14.
Author information
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Canada's Sentinel Physician Surveillance Network (SPSN) links genetic, antigenic and vaccine effectiveness (VE) measures in an integrated platform of influenza monitoring, described here for the 2013-14 season of resurgent A(H1N1)pdm09 and late-season influenza B activity.
METHODS:
VE was estimated as [1-OddsRatio]x100% comparing vaccination status between influenza test-positive cases and test-negative controls. Vaccine-virus relatedness was assessed by genomic sequence analysis and hemagglutination-inhibition assay.
RESULTS:
Analyses included 1037 controls (33%vaccinated) and 663 cases (15%vaccinated): 415 A(H1N1)pdm09, 15 A(H3N2), 191 B/Yamagata-lineage, 6 B/Victoria-lineage, 36 unknown subtype/lineage. A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses belonged to clade-6B, distinguished by a K163Q substitution, but remained antigenically-similar to A/California/07/2009-like vaccine with adjusted-VE of 71%(95%CI=58-80%). Most (83%) B/Yamagata-lineage viruses clustered phylogenetically with the prior 2012-13 season's B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like clade-3 vaccine-strain while only 17% clustered with the current 2013-14 season's B/Massachusetts/02/2012-like clade-2 vaccine-strain. B/Yamagata-lineage adjusted-VE was 73%(95%CI=56-83%), lower with partial calendar-time adjustment for clade-mismatched B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like (VE=63%;95%CI=41-77%) versus clade-matched B/Massachusetts/02/2012-like (VE=88%;95%CI=48-97%) viruses. No H3N2 viruses clustered with the A/Texas/50/2012-like clade-3C.1 vaccine-strain, and more than half were antigenically-mismatched but sparse data did not support VE.
CONCLUSIONS:
VE corresponded with antigenically-conserved A(H1N1)pdm09 and lineage-matched B/Yamagata viruses with clade-level variation. Surveillance linking genotypic, phenotypic and epidemiologic measures of vaccine-virus relatedness and effectiveness could better inform predictions of vaccine performance and reformulation.
? The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
PMID: 25784728 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]