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Bull Exp Biol Med
. 2026 Jun 2.
doi: 10.1007/s10517-026-06688-9. Online ahead of print.
Effect of Modified Nucleotides on the Immunogenicity of the H1N1 Influenza mRNA Vaccine
S I Krasnikova 1 , S V Sharabrin 2 , D N Kisakov 2 , M B Borgoyakova 2 , E V Starostina 2 , E V Tigeeva 2 , K P Makarova 2 , V A Yakovlev 2 , K I Ivanova 2 , A P Rudometov 2 , A A Ilyichev 2 , L I Karpenko 2
Affiliations
We analyzed the effect of modified nucleotides on the immunogenicity of mRNA vaccine encoding hemagglutinin of the influenza A/California/04/09(H1N1) pdm09 virus. Seven mRNA-H1 variants including the following modified bases in different ratios were obtained: N1-methylpseudouridine (m1Ψ), pseudouridine (Ψ), N6-methyladenine (m6A), and 5-methylcytidine (m5C). The efficacy of the resulting mRNA vaccines was assessed by their ability to induce specific antibodies and T-cell response in immunized mice. Virus-neutralizing activity was recorded in groups of animals immunized with mRNAs containing 100% m1Ψ, 100% Ψ, and 100% U. It was shown that mRNAs including 100% m1Ψ or 100% Ψ were more effective than other mRNA variants and induced potent B- and T-cell immune response.
Keywords: 5-methylcytidine; N1-methyl-pseudouridine; N6-methyladenine; modified nucleotides; pseudouridine.
. 2026 Jun 2.
doi: 10.1007/s10517-026-06688-9. Online ahead of print.
Effect of Modified Nucleotides on the Immunogenicity of the H1N1 Influenza mRNA Vaccine
S I Krasnikova 1 , S V Sharabrin 2 , D N Kisakov 2 , M B Borgoyakova 2 , E V Starostina 2 , E V Tigeeva 2 , K P Makarova 2 , V A Yakovlev 2 , K I Ivanova 2 , A P Rudometov 2 , A A Ilyichev 2 , L I Karpenko 2
Affiliations
- PMID: 42230492
- DOI: 10.1007/s10517-026-06688-9
We analyzed the effect of modified nucleotides on the immunogenicity of mRNA vaccine encoding hemagglutinin of the influenza A/California/04/09(H1N1) pdm09 virus. Seven mRNA-H1 variants including the following modified bases in different ratios were obtained: N1-methylpseudouridine (m1Ψ), pseudouridine (Ψ), N6-methyladenine (m6A), and 5-methylcytidine (m5C). The efficacy of the resulting mRNA vaccines was assessed by their ability to induce specific antibodies and T-cell response in immunized mice. Virus-neutralizing activity was recorded in groups of animals immunized with mRNAs containing 100% m1Ψ, 100% Ψ, and 100% U. It was shown that mRNAs including 100% m1Ψ or 100% Ψ were more effective than other mRNA variants and induced potent B- and T-cell immune response.
Keywords: 5-methylcytidine; N1-methyl-pseudouridine; N6-methyladenine; modified nucleotides; pseudouridine.