Brain Hemorrhages . Apropos of menstrual changes and abnormal uterine bleeding after COVID-19 vaccination

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Brain Hemorrhages


. 2022 Nov 8.
doi: 10.1016/j.hest.2022.11.001. Online ahead of print.
Apropos of menstrual changes and abnormal uterine bleeding after COVID-19 vaccination


Luca Roncati ¹ , Antonio Manenti ¹



Affiliations

• PMID: 36406341
• PMCID: PMC9642033
• DOI: 10.1016/j.hest.2022.11.001

Abstract

It is news of 28 October 2022 that the Pharmacovigilance Risk Assessment Committee of the European Medicines Agency has recommended to add heavy menstrual bleeding among the side effects of unknown frequency inside the package insert of nucleoside-modified messenger ribonucleic acid vaccines to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The decision has been made in the light of the numerous reports of unexpected menstrual changes or abnormal uterine bleeding following COVID-19 vaccination. Here we advance a possible involvement of the particular adenohypophyseal microcirculation in these strange and still unexplained events.

Keywords: Abnormal uterine bleeding; Adenohypophysis microcirculation; CD31, cluster of differentiation 31; COVID-19 vaccination; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); EMA, European Medicines Agency; Fenestrated capillaries; Heavy menstrual bleeding; Menstrual changes; PA, pituitary apoplexy; PRAC, Pharmacovigilance Risk Assessment Committee; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2); modRNA, nucleoside-modified messenger ribonucleic acid.